New Castle Flashcards

1
Q

Virus/Bacteria/Fungus/Parasite

A

Virus

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2
Q

What family is it part of?

A

Paramyxoviridae

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3
Q

Structure

A

enveloped, negative sense ssRNA

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4
Q

Proteins contained

A

H, N, and F

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5
Q

F protein

A

fusion protein, neutralizes antibodies

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6
Q

Is it a food safety or public health concern

A

no

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7
Q

It can be lowly or highly pathogenic

A

true

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8
Q

Most common species

A

waterfowl. double crested cormorants, white pelicans, and ring-billed gulls, domestic avian species

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9
Q

Transmission Cycle

A

Infected birds expel virus in exhaled air, respiratory discharge, and feces-> transmitted though direct contact, feces can contaminate environment (indirect)-> movement of infected birds, poultry products, and people and contaminated equipment or litter

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10
Q

Pathogenesis

A

Velogen, Mesogen, and Lentogen. Infects via respiratory or GI tract-> chicken most susceptible and highly dependent on age, immune status, and stress factors

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11
Q

Velogen

A

virulent

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12
Q

Mesogen

A

moderately virulent

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13
Q

Lentogen

A

low virulence, often used for vaccines

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14
Q

Incubation period

A

4-6 days

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15
Q

Clinical Signs

A

lethargy, inappetance, respiratory distress/wheezing, clear oral mucus discharge, prostration, sudden death, comb cyanosis, periorbital or facial edema, green diarrhea, reduce egg production

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16
Q

Respiratory vs GI exposure

A

Extremely rapid onset if respiratory, slower if GI

17
Q

Which are more susceptible young or old birds

A

young birds

18
Q

Can have very high morbidity and mortality

A

true

19
Q

Neurological Signs

A

develop in 10-14 days
tremors and convulsions, paralysis of wings and legs, torticollis, circling with clonic spasms, complete paralysis

20
Q

Pathologic Lesions

A

Petechiation on serosal membranes and meninges, hemorrhaging in GI tissues, including multifocal necrosis, splenic and thymic necrosis, congestion and hemorrhage in trachea and lungs, egg yolk peritonitis, atrophies ovarian follicles, congestion and mucoid discharge in respiratory tract with opacity and thickening or air sacs

21
Q

Testing

A

infection confirmed by recovery of a hemagglutinating virus that is inhibited with NDV antiserum, detection of NDV RNA by real-time RT-PCR
Confirmation uses intracerebral inoculated chicks, culling them, and looking for F protein

22
Q

Management

A

flock vaccination in domestic fowl, cull diseased animals, and biosecurity