Brucella spp. Flashcards

1
Q

Structure

A

Cocci or short rod, gram-negative, non-motile bacteria

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2
Q

Family

A

Fastidious aerobes

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3
Q

Fastidious aerobes

A

require special conditions and substances for their growth

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4
Q

B. abortus

A

cattle, bison, elk, Asian buffalo

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5
Q

B. suis

A

swine, cattle, caribou, reindeer, european hare, rodents

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6
Q

B. canis

A

domestic dogs, coyotes, foxes

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7
Q

B. ceti

A

cetaceans

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8
Q

B. pinnipedialis

A

pinnipeds

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9
Q

Zoonotic types

A

B. abortus, B. suis, B. canis, and B pinnipedialis

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10
Q

Which strand is most widespread

A

B. abortus

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11
Q

Main reservoirs

A

wild ungulates and domestic species

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12
Q

Transmission methods

A

ingestion, inhalation, and direct contact through skin abrasions and mucous membranes
shed in milk, urine, or semen

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13
Q

B. abortus main transmission method

A

licking and ingestion of fetal membranes or aborted fetus, and of uterine discharge

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14
Q

Is chronic infection possible

A

yes, found in aborted fetuses and full-term offspring, can have reinvasion after birth

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15
Q

Pathogenesis

A

one in body-> replicates in vacoules in macrophages, dendritic celled, and placental trophoblasts
crosses mucous membrane->phagocytized-> disseminates to to urogenital and lymphoid tissues -> come resistance to bactericidal properties-> replication

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16
Q

Pathogenesis phases

A

Incubation
Acute
Chronic

17
Q

Acute

A

invades and disseminates into host’s tissue

18
Q

chronic

A

severe organ damage and death of host organism

19
Q

Incubation

A

2-4 weeks

20
Q

Abortion rate

A

30-80%

21
Q

Clinical signs

A

abortions, stillbirths, weak offspring at birth, decreased lactation, orchitis, infertility, inflammation of joints

22
Q

Clinical signs in marine animal

A

neurological
disorientation, ataxia, tremors, seizures

23
Q

Pathologic Lesions in fetuses

A

serohemorrhagic fluid in body cavities, fibrinous plueritis, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, lymphadenomegaly, in the placenta is edematous and placentomes have necrosis and or hemorrhage

24
Q

Pathologic lesions male reproductive tract

A

abscesses, inflammatory lesions, atrophy

25
Q

Pathologic lesions female reproductive tract

A

uterine nodules, abscesses, fibrinous necrotic, exudate, and hemorrhage

26
Q

Pathologic lesions

A

lymph nodes, liver, spleen, mammary glands, joints, tendon sheaths and bones have granulomatous inflammation
hygromas, cloudy CSF, hyperemia of meninges

27
Q

Diagnostics

A

Serological tests: bison need multiple for confirmation
PCR, MALDI-TOF
Histopath slides with Ziehl-Neelsen stain
Bacterial isolation using cultures
ELISA, serum agglutination test

28
Q

Treatment

A

antibiotics, culling infected animals

29
Q

Management

A

REPORTABLE DISEASE
-avoid putting new herds in contaminated environments
-vaccination of domestic species
-treatment of sick animals
-decontamination of farming lands

30
Q

Bison Management Plan

A

-national park service prevents bison from leaving park during periods when they could come in contact with susceptible cattle
-allow some negative bison to move off park onto areas used by cattle during winter
-untested bison will be allowed in areas overlapping with cattle-> must be back in park before cattle released into area