Chapter 18 Flashcards
A small infectious particle composed of nucleic acids enclosed in a protein coat
Virus
A cell that is infected by a virus
Host Cell
the number of species and cell types a virus can infect.
Host Range
The protein coat which encloses the viral genome
Capsid
A virus whose host range includes only bacteria
Bacteriophage or Phage
The viral enzyme that cuts host DNA and inserts the viral genome into the host genome
Integrase
Once phage DNA is integrated into the host bacterium’s DNA the virus is called…
Prophage
Viruses, such as HIV, use a viral enzyme to make a complementary copy of DNA from a template strand of viral RNA
Reverse Transcriptase
Once viral DNA is integrated into the eukaryotic host’s DNA the virus is called…
Provirus
An infectious particle composed solely of single stranded circular RNA
Viroid
An infectious particle composed solely of protein
Prion
Bacteria have a unique form of small circular DNA
Plasmid DNA
The transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells
Gene Transfer
A form of gene transfer, exhange of plasmid DNA through a direct physical interaction between two bacteria
Conjugation
A form of gene transfer, uptake of genetic material in the environment
Transformation
