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IMMUNE1 LAB MIDTERM AND FINALS > EXPERIMENT 14 > Flashcards

EXPERIMENT 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Take note for H. pylori, it causes (?) and if untreated, it may lead to (?).

A

duodenal or gastric ulcers

gastric carcinoma

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2
Q

Highly immunogenic

A

CAGA

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3
Q

The severity of the disease is related to injection of the (?) protein into the gastric epithelial cells.

A

CagA

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4
Q

Once the (?) protein is in the epithelial cell, it will change the function of the epithelial cells signal transduction pathways and in the structure of the cytoskeleton.

A

CagA

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5
Q

gene that codes for a toxin precursor.

A

VACUOLATING CYTOTOXIN/ VACA

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6
Q

Epidemiological studies have shown that if your(?) are present in the strain of the bacteria infecting the individual, there is a high risk of developing gastric or peptic ulcers or gastric carcinoma. So, stomach cancer.

A

CagA and VacA genes

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7
Q

Plate on blood agar

A

Culture

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8
Q

Takes 24-48 hours

A

Culture

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9
Q

Not a serologic test but a microbiologic test

A

Culture

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10
Q

The best diagnostic test for determining Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Culture

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11
Q

Extract antigen from throat swab

A

Rapid EIA

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12
Q

Rapid (2 hours max) but not as sensitive as culture

A

Rapid EIA

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13
Q

A back up test for culture.

A

Rapid EIA

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14
Q

Serologic tests are performed to have an idea on how to manage the infection.

A

Rapid EIA

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15
Q

Amplify portions of the emm gene

A

PCR

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16
Q

Need for specialized equipment

A

PCR

17
Q

Neutralization of exotoxins (ASO, anti-DNase, etc.)

A

Antibody testing

18
Q

Used to diagnose strep sequelae

A

Antibody testing

19
Q

Agglutination of red cells coated with exotoxins

A

Slide agglutination

20
Q

Rapid but results not as reliable as other testing; good initial screening tool

A

Slide agglutination

21
Q

Take note this is a microbiologic test or bacteriologic test for H. pylori.

A
22
Q

We place a biopsy material on urea agar and the color change as urea is broken down.

A
23
Q

Take note for H. pylori, they contain urease.

A
24
Q

For the results, we can have it in 2 hours, but it is an invasive procedure and organism may be missed due to uneven distribution in tissue.

A
25
Q

Since biopsy ang sample dito, there is a tendency that the area we get is not the representative of the infection, so baka ibang part ng stomach ang makita thus, manenegative sya. This is the problem for this test.

A

UREASE TEST

26
Q

It is also under microbiological test for H. pylori.

A

UREA BREATH TEST

27
Q

Patient ingests radioactive urea; bicarbonate produced, which is breathed out as CO2.

A

UREA BREATH TEST

28
Q

The patient has the enzyme urease.

A

UREA BREATH TEST

29
Q

So if you have H. pylori, that H. pylori has urease thus, if the patient has ingested the radioactive urea, the urea will be converted into ammonia and because of that, yung hininga ng patient will be ammoniacal or mapanghi.

A

UREA BREATH TEST

30
Q

Rapid and sensitive but involves radioactivity

A

UREA BREATH TEST

31
Q

Take note that the patient will ingest radioactive urea

A

UREA BREATH TEST

32
Q

It is used to identify the antigen in stool specimens. We determine for antigen mismo.

A

RAPID ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY

33
Q

Rapid but not as sensitive as urea breath test.

A

RAPID ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY

34
Q

Used to determine success of therapy.

A

RAPID ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY

35
Q

EIA test to determine the presence of IgG or IgM antibodies against H. pylori.

A

ANTIBODY TESTING

36
Q

Best test or intial screening method but not as reliable as antigen testing to evaluate therapy

A

ANTIBODY TESTING

37
Q

For example, if you’ll going to be asked what is the best test to determine the success of therapy?

A

Rapid Enzyme Immunoassay

38
Q

But if asked what is the best test for initial screening method for H. pylori, it will be

A

Antibody Testing

39
Q

But overall, what is the gold standard in testing the bacteria?

A

culture

IMMUNE1 LAB MIDTERM AND FINALS (16 decks)

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