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Unit 3 Bio (Matt) > Skeleton > Flashcards

Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of bones

A

Long bone

Short bone

Flat bone

Irregular bone

Sesamoid bone

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2
Q

What are the the features of a long bone

(They are mostly located in your arms n legs )

A

Long in structure

Serve as attachment points for muscles

Store minerals in them to make blood cells

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3
Q

Give some examples of the long bones

A

Leg- femur calves- tibia fibula

Arms- humerus forearms- radius ulna

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4
Q

What are the features of the short bones

A

-cube shaped and made for extra movement (limited thou)

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5
Q

Give some examples of short bone

A

Wrists- carpal
Foot - tarsals

Clavicles

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6
Q

What are the features of a flat bone

A

It’s flat

Acts as protective barrier

Contains red bone marrow

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7
Q

Give some examples of flat bone

A

Chest- sternum

Skull- cranium

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8
Q

What are the features of irregular bone

A

Irregular in shape

Purpose is to protect and stability

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9
Q

Give examples of irregular bones

A

Scapular (shoulder blade but call it scapular)

Pelvis bones and vertebrate (spine but call it vertebrate)

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10
Q

What are the features of the sesamoid bone

A

They are small and developed within the tendons

Protect tendons

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11
Q

Examples of sesamoid bones

A

Patella (kneecap)

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12
Q

Name all types of joint movement

A

Flexion
Extension
Circumduction
Abduction
Adduction
Gliding

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13
Q

What is flexion

A

Where angle between 2 bones decreases

Bi curl

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14
Q

What is extension

A

Where angle between 2 bones increases

(Quad extention )

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15
Q

What is circumduction

A

Turning a limb 360

(Arm goes in a circle )

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16
Q

What’s abduction

A

When limb move away from main body

17
Q

What is adduction

A

When limb goes towards main body

18
Q

What’s gliding

A

Sliding one bone over another

E.g move your wrists

19
Q

What 4 things are in a joint

A

Ligament (stabilises joint)
Synovial fluid (lubricants it)
Articular cartilage (cushions the bones)
Fibrous capsule (surrounds joint)

20
Q

What are the 5 functions of skeletal system

A

Support - makes body upright and give structure
Protection- protects vital organs
Store mineral- like calcium
Blood creation- blood made in bone marrow
Attachment of muscle- allow movement

21
Q

What is a fracture

A

Break in bone due to accident or fall

Healthy adults and children are at low risk

22
Q

What’s in the synovial joint

A

Ligaments( stabilises joint)
Synovial fluid (lubricants it)
Articular cartilage (cushions bones)
Fibrous capsule ( surrounds joint)

23
Q

What are the 3 types of joints

A

Fibrous joints
Cartilaginous joints
Freely movable synovial joint

24
Q

What is a green stick fracture

A

A greenstick fracture is a type of bone fracture where the bone bends and cracks but doesn’t completely break.

25
Q

Why are children more likely to get a green stick fracture

A

It’s commonly seen in children because their bones are more flexible.

26
Q

How do x rays work

A
  • it sends controlled electromagnetic radiation through the body.
  • The X-ray detector captures the radiation that passes through.
  • This creates an image used by doctors
27
Q

What is an oblique displacement fracture

A

An oblique displacement fracture is a type of bone fracture where the broken ends of the bone are displaced at an angle.

28
Q

What bones are in the pelvis area

A

ilium,
ischium,
pubis ,
sacrum,
coccyx.

29
Q

What is osteoarthritis and what are the symptoms

A

Osteoarthritis is a condition where the cartilage in your joints wears down over time. It can cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints.

30
Q

What is osteoporosis and how is it diagnosed ( note form)

A

Osteoporosis is a condition where the bones become weak and brittle
It is diagnosed through bone density tests like a (DXA) scan.

31
Q

Describe the vertebral column

A

The vertebrae column surrounds the spinal cord for protection. It has 33 vertebrae bones which are joined together via cartilage

32
Q

What are the 5 joint type

A

Ball and socket ( shoulder )
Hinge (elbow knee)
Pivot (wrist)
Gliding (shoulder blade)
Fixed (skull)

Unit 3 Bio (Matt) (19 decks)

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