Unit Three - Rocks and Minerals - Sedimentary Rocks

Question 1

How is a Sedimentary rock formed (5)?

Answer 1

(Lithification)
A sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment that is derived from preexisting rocks and other materials.

1. Rock formed from different sediments
2. Comes from many different rocks and other materials
3. Builds Up
4. Join together through compaction, cementation and/or chemical action
5. Creates a rock!

Question 2

Texture

When it comes to sedimentary rocks

Answer 2

The size, form and orientation of the CLASTS of a rock

Texture is the main factor of sedimentary rock identificication

Clast - Individual Fragment

Question 3

What are Clastic Sedimentary Rocks?

Answer 3

Rock fragments that are compacted and cemented together.

The texture that identifies the type of rock.

Question 4

What are Crystalline Sedimentary Rocks?

Answer 4

Rocks formed from Chemical Action

Ex: Halite or Salt

Question 5

Bioclastic

Answer 5

Rocks that FORMS from the remains of plants and animals!

Question 6

What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 6

1. Bioclastic
2. Clastic
3. Crystalline

Question 7

What are three ways that a sedimentary rock forms

Under bodies of water

Answer 7

1. Cementation
2. Compactation
3. Chemical Action

Question 8

What is cementation?

Sedimentary Rocks

Answer 8

1. When rock particles join together, there is water in between them
2. Water Evaporates
3. Remaining material glues the particles together.

Question 9

What is compaction?

Answer 9

A reduction of volume in sedimentary layers due to the increasing weight of overlying sediemnts

(Rocks lose pore space and becomes tightly packed)

Question 10

Chemical Action

Answer 10

1. Dissolved Minerals
2. Water Evaporates
3. A Crystalline Mass of Fine Crystals (Crystalline Sedimentary) is formed

Question 11

What are characteristics that help identify sedimentary rocks?

Answer 11

1. Horizontal Layers
2. Forms at or near Earth’s surface
3. Fossils