Unit Eight - Climate - Water

Question 1

What is the Water Cycle?

Answer 1

The model used to illustrate the movement and phase changes of water at or near Earth’s surface.

Question 2

Evaporation

Answer 2

Liquid to Gas

Question 3

Condensation

Answer 3

Gas to Liquid

Question 4

Transpiration

Answer 4

The giving off of water vapor from plants

Question 5

Precipitation

Answer 5

Any form of water that falls from the sky
Ex: Rain, Snow, Sleet and Hail

Question 6

What 5 things happen to water after precipitation?

Answer 6

1. Stored in land as Ice and Snow
2. Infiltrate into the Ground
3. Flow over Earth’s Surface as Runoff
4. Evaporate
5. Undergo Transpiration

Question 7

Definition of Infiltration

Answer 7

The process by which water enters a substance

Question 8

What are the six factors of Infiltration?

Answer 8

1. Slope of Land
2. Degree of Saturation
3. Porosity
4. Permeability
5. Capillarity
6. Vegetation

Question 9

What is the Degree of Saturation?

Answer 9

The amount of water that is already in the ground

Question 10

What is Porosity?

Answer 10

The percentage of open space (pores and cracks) in the ground

Question 11

What is Permeability?

Answer 11

A rate of how easily fluid can flow through a porous solid.

Question 12

What is Capillarity?

Answer 12

The action by which water moves against the downward pull of gravity.

Question 13

What is Vegetation in terms of Water and Climate?

Answer 13

Plants that absorb water from the ground.

Question 14

How does the Slope of Land affect Infiltration?

Answer 14

The GREATER Slope, the LESS Infiltration

Question 15

How does the Degree of Saturation affect Infiltration?

Answer 15

The GREATER degree of saturation, the LESS infiltration

Question 16

How does Porosity affect Infiltration?

Answer 16

The GREATER porosity, the GREATER infiltration

There will be a greater capacity, so there is more space for the water to be stored.

Question 17

How does Permeability affect Infiltration?

Answer 17

The GREATER permeability, the GREATER infiltration

When the water has a great rate of flow, this increase infiltration

Question 18

How does Capillarity affect Infiltration?

Answer 18

The GREATER Capillarity, the LESS infiltration

An increase of capacity of water in the ground lowers the amount of space for infiltration.

Question 19

How does Vegetation affect Infiltration?

Answer 19

The GREATER the vegetation, the GREATER infiltration

Vegetation not only slows down runoff, providing it more time to seep through the ground, but it also absorvs water from the ground, giving the water more space to be stored into the ground.

Question 20

(Angled or Rounded) particles tend to have a greater porosity due to the edges that don’t fit together well.

Answer 20

Rounded

Question 21

(Sorted or Unsorted) soils tend to have a higher porosity due to the shapes and sizes.

Answer 21

Sorted

Question 22

WHY is permeability affected by porosity?

Answer 22

If the pores are CONNECTED to each other (open spaces around particles connecting with other open spaces) then we have ‘connectivity’ and the fluid can MOVE.

Question 23

(Big or Small) particles tend to have a greater permeability.

Answer 23

Big

Question 24

(Big or Small) particles tend to be better for porosity.

Answer 24

Small