lecture 12: cerebellum Flashcards
which of these basal nuclei is th primary output nucleus i the motor pathways
a) thalamus
b)GPi
c) GPe
d) sub thalamic nuc
b) GPi
a 33 year old patient experienced a right sided icshcmic stroke to vasculature of the substantia niga
-what artery affected
posterior cerebral
what are some important structures of the posterior view of cerebellum
anterior cerebellar notch
posterior cerebellar notch
vermis
primary fissure
horizontal fissure
anterior cerebellar notch is near what aspect of the rbaisntem
pons
what is wider, the anterior or posterior cerebellar notch
sntrtiot
what are the folds of the cerebellum called
folia
what does the primary fissure divided
between the anterior and posterior lobes
what is the division within the posterior lobe called
horizontal fissure
be able to recognize anterior vs posturio lobe on the posterior aspect of the cerebellum
what is the middle bump of the cerebellum called
vermis
falx cerebelli is located in what notch
[psoterior cerebellar notch
what are some important srrcuture features of cerebellum on anterior side
vermis
floculus
tonsil
nodule (of vermis)
horizontal fissure (posteriolateeral fissure)
true or false: you can see the flocular lobe from the posterior side
false, anteriorr
what is the space under the cerebellar peduncles and above the nodule of verse called
4th ventricle
the horizontal fissure becomes what on the anterior side
posterolateral fissure
when the most inferior and anterior part of the vermis rounds out, what is it called
nodule (of vermis)
the flocculondular lobe involves what structures on the anterior side
2 flocculi and the nodule
what are the 3 lobes on the anterior cerebellar
anterior
psoterior
flocullonodullar lobe
be able to locate the lobes on the anterior cerebellum
the 3 cerebellar peduncles connected the cerebellum to what structure
brain stemp
superior cerebellar peduncle connects cerebellum to what
midbrain
middle cerebellar peduncle connects cerebellum to what
pons
infeerior cerebellar peduncle connects cerebellum to what
medulla
what are the 3 cerebellar artries of the vertebrobasilar system that supply blood to the cerebllum
superior cerebellar
anterior inferior cerebellar
posterior inferior cereberllar
what aspect does the superior cerebellar a supply
the entire superior aspects anterior and posteriors
what aspect does the posterior inferior cerebellar a supply
most inferior aspect with larger perfusion posteriorly
what aspect does the anterior inferior cerebellar a supply
middle section ops anterior surface (including cerebral peduncles and flocculi)
be able to understand/identidy blood supply regions of cerebellum
what are the 4 important output nuclei of the cerebellum
dentate nucleus
emboli form nucleus
globose nucleus
fastigial nucleus
which of these is most lateral in the cerebellum
dentate nucleus
emboli form nucleus
globose nucleus
fastigial nucleus
denticulate
which of these is most medial in the cerebellum
dentate nucleus
emboli form nucleus
globose nucleus
fastigial nucleus
fastigial
order these from lateral to medial
dentate nucleus
fastigial nucleus
globose nucleus
emboli form nucleus
dentate nucleus
emboli form nucleus
globose nucleus
fastigial nucleus
what is the mnenmoinic for output nuclei of the cerebellum
dont eat greasy food (lateral to medial)
(dentate nucleus
emboli form nucleus
globose nucleus
fastigial nucleus)
what are the 2 interposed nuclei
emboliform nuc
globose niuc
what is the intracerebellar white matter called
arbor vitae
be able to locate the output nuclei of cerebellum on the cross section
what ventricle is ventral top the cerebellum
4th
most cerebellar input pathways involve what fibers
mossy fibers
how do mossy fibers communicate with purkinje fibers
indirectly via granule cells
true or false: mossy fibers community directly with purkinje fibers
false, indirectly via granule cells
where do purkinje fibers project
to deep cerebellar output nuclei
most cerebellar input pathways involves mossy fibers communicate info from where
cerebral cortex
spinal cord
vestibular nuclei
mossy fibres communicate indirectly with purkinje, which fibers community directly with them>
climbing fibers
true or false: climbing fibers communicate directly with purkinje cell dendrites in the molecular level
true
climbing fibers communicate directly with purkinje cell dendrites in the BLANK level
MOLECULAR
what are climbing fibers
they are terminal fibers of the spino-olivocerebellar pathways (signals from spinal cord via inferior olivary nuclei to the inferior cerebellar peduncle)
-comunicate directly with pukingke
what is the pruspoe of the functional systems of the cerebellum
influences motor systems by evaluating disparities between intention (motor output) and action (sensory feedback)
example how the cerebellum influences motor systems by evaluating disparities between intention (motor output) and action (sensory feedback)
it adjusts disparities by altering motor output of brainstem nucleus and motor cortex while a movement in in progress
how does cerebellum adjust disparties between intention and action
alter motor output of brainstem nuclei and motor cortex while a movement is in progress
lesions to the cerebellum result in contralateral or ipsilatel ataxia
iplateral
true or false: lesions to the cerebellum result in contralateral ataxia
false, ipsilateral
do the cerebellum and basal nuclei lesions result is the same side or opposite side deficits
opposite
cerebellum -ipsi
basal- contra
the cerebellum is fucntionnaly divided into how many systems
3
what are the 3 functional and phylogenetic systems of the cerebellum
vestibulocerebellum
spin-cerebellum
cerebrocerebellum
vestibulocerebellum
spin-cerebellum
cerebrocerebellum
which is the oldest
vestibulocerebellum
vestibulocerebellum
spin-cerebellum
cerebrocerebellum
which is the newest
cerebrocerebellum
true or false: the vestibulocerebllum is the only out of the 3 systems that involve 1 lobe
true (flocculate)
the vestibulocerellum system consists primary of what lobe
flocculonodular lobe
true or false: the vestibulocerellum system consists primary of the flocculonodular lobe
true
what is the phylogenetically oldest part of the cerebellum
vestibulocerebllum
what is the function of the the vestibulocerellum
stability, balance, posture, head and eye movements (stabilizing images on the retina)
stability, balance, posture, head and eye movements (stabilizing images on the retina)
what system
vestibulocerebellar
what is the cerebellar output nuclei of the vestibulocerebellum
fastigial nuclei
fastigial nuclei is associated with what system
vestibulocerebellum
alsothe spinocerebellar for info from trunk and head
what are the major associated structures of the vestibulocerebrellum system
1) vestibular nuclei (input from vestibular apparatus)
2) reticular formation
3) vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts)
what is the general pathway of the vestibulocerebellum system
1) vestibular apparatus (via CN 8)
2) ipsilateral vestibular nuclei (in midbrain rostrally)
3) inferior cerebellar peduncle
4) flocculonoldular lobe
5) fastigial nucleus
6) inferior cerebellar peduncle
7) bilateral vestibular nuclei and reticular formation (via fastigial-vestivular and fastigual-reticular fibers)
8) vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts
info enters vestibular apparatus via what cranial n
cranial n 8
which peduncle is associated with the vestibulocerebellar pathway
inferior cerebellar peduncle
what fossa does the cerebellum sit in
posterior cerebellum
what seperatures the cerebellum from cerebrum (Dural reflection)
tentorium cerebrullum)
what is function of folia of cerebellum
increase surface area
true or false, the deep cerebellar nuclei only get connections via the purkinje fibres
false, they get inhibitory connections via the purkinje
they get excitatory connections via the fibers direct. (mossy and climbing)