Ch. 11 pt2 - Electricity Flashcards
voltage
a measure of potential energy generated by separated charge
higher voltage =
greater charge difference between points
insulator
substance with high electrical resistance
conductor
substance with low electrical resistance
Ohm’s Law
more voltage=greater current; more resistance=smaller current
chemically gated channels
open only with binding of a specific chemical (neurotransmitter)
voltage gated channels
open and close in response to changes in membrane potential
mechanically gated channels
open and close in response to physical deformation of receptors (sensory receptors)
graded potentials
incoming signals operating over short distances
action potentials
long distance signals of axons
depolarization
decrease in membrane potential (towards zero); inside of membrane becomes less negative than resting membrane potential
hyperpolarization
increase in membrane potential (away from zero); inside of membrane becomes more negative than resting membrane potential
receptor potential
graded potentials in receptors of sensory neurons
postsynaptic potential
neuron graded potential
Action Potentials are used in..
muscle cells and axons of neurons