Chapter 6a

Question 1

Functions of bones

Answer 1

Support, protection, anchorage, mineral and growth factor storage

Question 2

Hematopoiesis

Answer 2

Red blood cell formation

Question 3

Compact bone

Answer 3

Dense outer layer on every bone that appears smooth and solid

Question 4

Spongy bone

Answer 4

Has a mesh of bony spines called traveculae

Question 5

Periosteum

Answer 5

Covers outside of compact bone

Question 6

Endosteum

Answer 6

Covers inside portion of compact bone

Question 7

What is the shaft of a bone called?

Answer 7

diaphysis

Question 8

What are the ends of a bone called?

Answer 8

Epiphyses

Question 9

The epiphyses consist of what?

Answer 9

Compact bone externally and spongy bone internally

Question 10

How do bones get nutrients?

Answer 10

Nutrient arteries and veins that enter the dysphasis through nutrient foramen openings

Question 11

Osteoprogenitor cells

Answer 11

Stem cells in the periosteum and endosteum; some turn into osteoblasts

Question 12

Osteoblasts

Answer 12

Bone-forming cells that secrete unmineralized bone matrix called osteoid (made up of collagen and calcium)

Question 13

Osteocytes

Answer 13

Mature bone cells in lacunae that no longer divide; maintain bone matrix and act as stress or strain sensors

Question 14

Which cells osteoblasts and osteoclasts so bone remodeling can occur?

Answer 14

Osteocytes

Question 15

Osteoclasts

Answer 15

Bone-resorbing cell