Chapter 5

Question 1

The Integumentary System consists of…

Answer 1

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands

Question 2

epidermis

Answer 2

superficial region; epithelial tissue & avascular

Question 3

dermis

Answer 3

fibrous connective tissue, vascular

Question 4

Subcutaneous system is also called the…

Answer 4

hypodermis

Question 5

The epidermis includes what four things?

Answer 5

keratinocytes, melanocytes, dendritic cells, tactile (merkel) cells

Question 6

Keratinocytes

Answer 6

produces keratin (protein), protective, desmosomes

Question 7

Melanocytes

Answer 7

melanin (absorbs UV radiation)

Question 8

Dendritic cells

Answer 8

have patrolling immune cells

Question 9

Tactile (merkel) cells

Answer 9

have sensory receptors that sense touch

Question 10

Four layers of skin

Answer 10

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratun corneum

Question 11

What happens in the Stratum Basale?

Answer 11

cells are constantly dividing (some stay as stem cells and others go off to be keratinocytes)

Question 12

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 12

spikey which is created by desmosomes; immune system here

Question 13

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 13

granules of keratin & lipids (lipids make skin waterproof)

Question 14

Stratum Corneum

Answer 14

flattened, dead keratinocytes

Question 15

Why do the skin cells die as they approach the Stratum Corneum?

Answer 15

there are no blood vessels, so they harden as they move away from the oxygen

Question 16

What is the dermis?

Answer 16

connective tissue (ECM, fibers, fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, white blood cells), oil glands, hair

Question 17

two layers of the dermis

Answer 17

Papillary (areolar/loose connective) & Reticular (dense irregular)

Question 18

Papillary

Answer 18

loose fibers, finger-like projections

Question 19

Which section of the dermis creates fingerprints?

Answer 19

papillary (dermal ridges)

Question 20

Reticular

Answer 20

collagen and elastic fibers; contains the cutaneous plexus (network of blood vessels)

Question 21

What are stretch marks?

Answer 21

striae (additional stretch to the dermis)

Question 22

Three parts of hair shaft

Answer 22

Medulla, cortex, cuticle

Question 23

Hair bulb

Answer 23

Extended area at deep end of follicle

Question 24

Hair follicle receptor

Answer 24

Sensory nerve endings that wrap around the bulb

Question 25

Hair matrix

Answer 25

Actively dividing area of bulb that produces hair cells

Question 26

Arrest or pili

Answer 26

Small band of smooth muscle attached to follicle (goosebumps)

Question 27

Hair papilla

Answer 27

Dermal tissue containing a knot of capillaries that supplies nutrients to growing hair

Question 28

Nail parts

Answer 28

Free edge, nail plate. Root

Question 29

Nail bed

Answer 29

Epidermis under keratinized nail plate

Question 30

Nail matrix

Answer 30

Part of nail bed responsible for growth