week 12 - tumours

Question 1

sarcomas

Answer 1

tumours that arise in bone and soft tissue
can be primary or secondary

Question 2

sarcomas diagnosis

Answer 2

podiatry intervention: identification (ongoing pain, nocturnal pain, pain meds not working, inflammation, change lost structure, referral, support
identification is made from: history, physcial examination, radiologial diagnosis

Question 3

imaging

Answer 3

• plain film: needs to be present for some time to show up
• MRI = gold standard

Question 4

Size and shape

Answer 4

• agressive lesions tend to occupy larger areas of bone than slower-growing lesions

Question 5

Cortical involvement

Answer 5

a solitary bone lesions growth rate also can be estimated by the pattern of resorption along the adjacent cortex
- a more aggressive lesion penetrates or breaks through the cortex and invades the soft tissues

Question 6

anatomic position

Answer 6

anatomical position of the lesion in a tubular bone can provide valuable diagnositc info
position assessed in 2 planes: horiztonal and vertical

Question 7

skeletal location

Answer 7

• some soliatary bone lesons have a predilection for certain bones

Question 9

trabeculation

Answer 9

• only found with only a few lesions
  delicate trabeculation = GCT
  horizontally orietated fine delicate trabeculation is a feature of ABC

Question 10

benign characterisitics

Answer 10

• well defined
• sclerotic growth (slow growth)
• cortical thining can occur, but not destruction
• periosteal reaction is uniform and solid

Question 11

malignant characteristics

Answer 11

• ill defined margin
• month-eaten appearance
• cortical destruction/osteopenia
• periosteal reaction
• adjacent soft tissue mass

Question 12

bone cyst

Answer 12

• simple bone cyst is nonneoplastic, fluid filled cavity lined by a thin fibrovasuclar connective tissue menbrane and or osteiod
• cyst cavities may contain straw-coloured serous

Question 13

Enchondroma

Answer 13

benigin
- located on diaphysis of mets and phalanges
- intramedullary lesion, sharp margination with explansile tendencies

Question 14

osteochondroma

Answer 14

most often in long bones
radiographic appearance
- peripheral bone projection
- thin cartilage cap
- regular trabeculation
- smooth cortical surface

Question 15

Aneurysmal bone cyst

Answer 15

• cavernous blood filled spaces with thin fibrous walls
• pronouces expansion
• little matrix calcification
• surrounding sclerosis
• can be agressive

Question 16

Giant cell tumour

Answer 16

• metatarsals are most common
  radiographic appearance
• lytic and usually extends to the articular cortex
• no sclerosis at the periphery of the lesion
• no periosteal reaction
• can mimic a malignant tumour

Question 17

osteoblastoma

Answer 17

lesion appears as radiolucent defect with central density
single geographic lesion