US foreign policy during the 1920s Flashcards
what was the change in foreign policy approach after WWI?
the prevailing mood in the USA was for less involvement in world affairs and a return to isolationism.
What were the USA’s main foreign policy aims in the 1920s?
- Avoid involvement in any further conflicts.
- Protect their interests, especially trade, in the Far East by maintaining the status quo.
- Prevent the further expansion of Japanese influence in the Pacific and Far East.
- Maintain the Monroe doctrine and the USA’s economic and political interests in Latin America.
when was The Washington Naval Conference?
took place between November 1921 and February 1922
how many nations were at the Washington Naval Conference?
9 nations
what was discussed at the Washington Naval Conference?
the interests in the Pacific Ocean and the Far East. By this time, the US was fearful of growing Japanese
influence in the Far East. Therefore, the USA was keen to prevent the renewal of the Anglo-Japanese naval alliance that was due to expire in 1922.
What were the results of the Washington naval conference?
- The conference resulted in three major treaties: the Four-Power Treaty, Five-Power Treaty and the Nine-Power Treaty.
- Japan was persuaded to accept less tonnage than Britain and the USA in an approximate ratio of 5 for the USA and Britain, 3 for Japan and 1.75 for France.
why was the Washington Naval conference a success?
It was the first international agreement on arms limitation and it helped to stabilise a dangerous arms
race and dramatically easy tensions between the Great Powers.
when was The Kellogg-Briand Pact?
1928
what was The Kellogg-Briand Pact?
an international agreement set up by Frank B.
Kellogg, the US Secretary of State and Aristide Briand, the French Foreign Minister. and it renounced war as a means of settling disputes between nations.
how many countries signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
15
when was The Dawes Plan?
1924
what was The Dawes Plan?
proposed a plan to solve the reparations problem. The
plan that was drawn up reduced German payments ans stagger them. Germany was also given an
immediate loan of 800 million marks, mainly from the USA, and would provide short-term economic benefits
when was the young plan?
1929 (depression)
what was the young plan?
a gradual and significant reductions in reparations
payments, and scaled down reparations payments to a total of 112 billion gold marks, to be paid over the next 58 years.
how did US involvement in Latin America change during the 1920s?
shifted away from the use of military intervention but did continue to pursue and protect their interests in Latin America, largely through their economic influence.
