DSM and ICD Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a classification system

A
  • a checklist of signs and symptoms which help a clinician reach a diagnosis of a specific disorder
  • often done by the process of elimination
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2
Q

what is the DSM

A
  • the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders and is published by the American Psychiatric society, provides criteria for diagnosis
  • was first published in 1952 and has been 6 versions - current DSM V was published in May 2013
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3
Q

how was the DSM formed

A
  • developed for the need for a census of mental health disorders
  • the US army had developed a system to diagnose mainly using descriptions e.g. neurosis and psychosis, from this a list of symptoms developed and then so did the DSM
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4
Q

what is neurosis

A
  • mental health disorders that fall just outside of normal functioning but the individual is still in touch with reality and knows they are ill
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5
Q

what is psychosis

A
  • mental health issues where the individual has lost touch with reality
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6
Q

what are criticisms of the DSM V

A
  • doesn’t reflect where science will go in the future
  • trying to make normal behaviour seem abnormal (as seen in Rosenhan)
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7
Q

what are the changes made from then DSM-IV-TR to the DSM-V

A
  • abolished the axis as these made it hard to draw and link symptoms
  • removed unnecessary diagnoses for example autism spectrum disorder is just one category
  • reflect social change for example war in Iraq and Afghanistan has shown more symptoms of PTSD. such as flashbacks
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8
Q

how is the DSM-V used

A

3 sections:
- section l = introduces changes from DSM-IV-TR and explains how it is diagnosed
- section ll = diagnostic criteria and codes - used by clinicians using observation, and interviews (structured and unstructured)
- section lll = measures and models concerning the future of diagnosis
this disorders are organised chronologically, those that usually happen earlier in life are first and later are last

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9
Q

what is the ICD

A

the international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems
includes a look at the general health of the population and is used to monitor incidence and prevalence
the ICD provides morality numbers for WHO

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10
Q

describe the ICD-10

A
  • published in May 1990 and includes both physical and mental disorders
  • it is multilingual and a freely available resource
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11
Q

what did reed et al (2011) find

A
  • asked 4,887 psychiatrist around the world whether they used the ICD
  • found that 70% said they used the ICD-10 most for mental disorders
  • 23% said they use the DSM
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12
Q

how is the ICD organised

A
  • groups each disorder into a family e.g. schizotypal and delusion disorder if F.20-F.29
  • sections l-Vl
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