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Physics! > Chapter 23 - Electric Current > Flashcards

Chapter 23 - Electric Current Flashcards

1
Q

What is Potential Difference?

A

Potential difference is the difference in electrical potential between two points.

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2
Q

What is interchangeable with Potential Difference?

A

Voltage Difference!

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3
Q

When does charge flow?

A

Charge flows when there is a difference in electric potential. As soon as the ends/points are equal, there will be no more flow of charge.

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4
Q

What is Electric Current?

A

Electric current is the flow of electric charge.

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5
Q

What do conduction electrons do? Why?

A

Conduction electrons carry charge. They do this because they are free to move throughout the atom.

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6
Q

Do protons carry charge like conduction electrons?

A

NO! Protons are tightly bound to the nucleus.

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7
Q

What is the unit for electric potential?

A

Volts (V).

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8
Q

What is the voltage for a common automobile battery?

A

12 Volts.

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9
Q

What produces current?

A

Voltage produces current in a complete circuit.

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10
Q

Why does charge flow through a circuit?

A

Charge flows through a circuit because voltage is applied across the circuit.

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11
Q

What is the unit for Electrical Resistance?

A

Ohms (Ω).

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12
Q

What is the relationship between Resistance and Temperature? Resistance and Conductivity?

A

Higher temperature means higher resistance.
Higher conductivity means lower resistance.

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13
Q

What does Ohm’s Law state?

A

Ohm’s Law states that current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance.

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14
Q

What is the equation for Ohm’s Law?

A

Current (I) = Voltage (V)/Resistance (Ω).

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15
Q

What is the range for Electrical Resistance in a person’s body? What is the state of the body at each?

A

100 Ω (very WET) to 500,000 Ω (very DRY).

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16
Q

What do Resistors do?

A

Resistors regulate current.

17
Q

What happens when you grab an electric wire with your hand?

A

Your fingers contract over the wire! They are NOT attracted to the wire. This means you cannot pull your hand away.

18
Q

Why can a bird stand on an electrical wire without experiencing electric shock?

A

Birds can stand on electrical wires because there is no difference in electric potential!

19
Q

What must exist in order for you to experience electric shock?

A

There must be a difference in electric potential.

20
Q

What is Direct Current?

A

Direct current (dc) is when charge flows in one direction.

21
Q

What is Alternating Current?

A

Alternating current (ac) is when charge flows in one direction, then the opposite, then alternates.

22
Q

What is a Diode?

A

A diode is a device that allows electrons to only flow in one direction.

23
Q

Why do electrons in room temp. metals not produce current?

A

They don’t produce current because they are moving in all possible directions. There is no net flow in any direction.

24
Q

What is Drift Velocity?

A

Drift velocity is the net flow of electrons. It is extremely slow.

25
Q

Do electrons or energy flow from an outlet to a lamp?

A

ENERGY! Electrons already exist in the lamp when the energy flows to it.

26
Q

What is the equation for Electric Power?

A

Electric Power (Watts) = Current (I) x Voltage (V).

27
Q

What is Electric Power?

A

Electric power is the rate that electric energy is converted into another form. Ex.) mechanical energy, light energy, etc.

28
Q

What is a Circuit?

A

A circuit is any path that electrons can follow/flow through.

29
Q

What is a Series Circuit? How are devices connected?

A

A series circuit is a single pathway for electrons to flow.
Devices are along the same path and if one goes out, so will the rest.

30
Q

What is a Parallel Circuit? How are devices connected?

A

A parallel circuit has branches of paths for electrons to flow.
Devices are independent of each other.

31
Q

What is an Open Circuit?

A

NO flow.

32
Q

What is a Closed Circuit?

A

Free passage of electrons.

Physics! (19 decks)

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