Bone 3 Flashcards
What are the three categories of joints?
Fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints and synovial joints.
Where are fibrous joints used?
Fibrous joints are used when there is no joint cavity also instead the bones are held together by fibrous connective tissue.-There is virtually no movement in these joints.
What is a type of fibrous joint involved in the cranium?
Sutures which are the joints between the bony plates of the skull which stay flexible during infancy to allow the skull to grow before becoming an immovable joint
What is an example of fibrous joints involved with he teeth?
Fibrous joint is involved in the attachment of the root of the tooth to its socket. It is described as a mobile peg-socket joint where the root of the teeth are the pegs and their sockets in the maxilla and mandible.
What is an example of fibrous joints in the arms and legs?
The membraned between the ulna and radius in the arm and the tibia and fibula in the leg is a fibrous joint.
When is a cartilaginous joint used?
Cartilaginous joints are used when there is no joint cavity and instead the bones are held in place with cartilage, providing movement but it is limited.
What is an example of cartilaginous joints in the vertebrae?
There is intervertebral cartilage/discs that lie between the adjacent vertebrae in the spine which allow a slight movement of the vertebrae.
What is an synovial joint?
A synovial joint is a joint that allows areas to move freely. They are surrounded by a sleeve-like articular capsule which encloses the joint cavity and unites the articulating bones.
What is an articulating bone?
An articulating bone is a bones covered with articular cartilage which absorbs shock and reduces friction between bones.
What is the articular capsule made up of?
Two layers, the outer layer and the inner layer
What are the features of the outer layer of the articular capsule?
The outer layer of an articular capsule consists of dense fibrous tissue. Its flexibility permits movement and its strength prevents dislocation
What are the fibres of the outer layer of the articular capsule arranged?
The fibres in the outer layer of the articular capsule are arranged in parallel bundles called ligaments.
What are the features of the inner layer of the articular capsule?
The inner layer of the articular capsule is called synovial membrane. This secretes synovial fluid and provides the cartilage with nourishment and lubricates the joint, as it has no direct blood supply. The amount of fluid in the joint is sufficient only t coat the articular surfaces.
What type of ligaments are possessed by synovial joints?
Accessory ligaments are also possessed by the synovial joints and they are additional ligaments that can be found within or outside the joint capsule.
What do some synovial joints possess?
Some synovial joints possess extra fibrous cartilage within the joint which allows for extra reduced friction between the bones and free movement, such as the cartilage in the knee joint
