hydrocarbons and fractional distilation Flashcards
what does crude oil contain
hydrocarbons
name the formula for alkanes
cn H2n+2
what is the first 4 alkanes
meth
eth
prop
but
what happens in fractional distillation
solution heated and turned into a gas
into
then enters the fractional column which has different boiling points
As the gasses rise up they cool down and condense
what are polymers made from
alkenes
what is cracking
breaking long molecules into short chained alkanes and alkenes
what is the test for hydrogen
put a glowing splint next to it and a there will be a squeaky pop sound
what is the test for carbon dioxide
cause limewater to turn cloudy when bubbled through it
what is the test for oxygen
it will relight a glowing splint
what is the test for chlorine
put a damp blue litmus paper inside it and it will bleach it
whats a property of longer alkanes
high viscosity
how to tests for alkenes
alkenes will turn bromine water from orange to colourless
Bromine atoms bonding to alkenes by breaking the double bonds making it saturated
how is crude oil created
dead plankton fall to the bottom of the ocean
theses plankton were buried under the mud and were under high pressure and temperature
caused it to become crude oil
crude oil soaked into rocks and is extracted by drilling into the rock and suki
list the order of products produced from fractional distillation
lpg(fuel)
petrol (engine oil)
kerosene (aircraft fuel)
diesel
heavy fuel oil
bitumen (making roads)
what are alkenes
unsaturated hydrocarbons as they are not full because they form double bonds
