light independent reactions Flashcards
whats another name tor light independent reaction
calvin benson cycle , dark reaction
whats light independent reaction
chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose using stored ATP and NADPH
Step 1:carbon fixation
-C atom from CO2 binds ti pre existing 5 carbon molecules (RuBP)
-creates 6 carbon which is unstable and quickly breaks down into 2 x 3 carbon molecules
whats 5 carbon called
RuBP
6 carbon bond is ____ and therefore further ___ into _____
unstable and large , breaks down / separates into 2 chains of 3 carbons = 2 PGA
the chains of 3 Carbon molecules that are stable but low energy are called
PGA
Step 2: Reduction
- the 3 chains if Carbon are in low energy stable state
- get activated by Atp and reduced by NADPH (charged version)
- produces two molecules of PGAL (high energy stable 2 chains of 3 PGAL = 6 carbons total
- 1 PGAL leaves to be used to make glucose
-5 PGAL remain
what is needed to make glucose
2 PGALS to fifm into glucose
chains of 3 carbons that are stable high energy are called
PGAL
what is used ti turn PGA into PGAL
ATP and NADPH
Step 3: Replacing RuBP
- ATP produced from the light dependent reaction breaks an reforms the 3 PGAL (9 carbon) into 5 carbon RuBP
- 6 cycles needed to make one glucose molecule
- 12 PGAL produced (36 carbon)
- 10 PGAL (30 carbon) stay in cycle ti remake RuBP
-2 PGAL make one glucose - ATP and NADPH provide energy to form PGAL from PGA
how many cycles are needed to make 12 PGAL molecules and what are those used for
six cycles to make 12 PGAL (36 Carbons )
-10 used to regenarate RuBP and 2 are used to make glucose
when are both ATP and NADPH energy used and for what
when 12 (3C ) PGA are made into 12 PGAL to charge
when is just ATP used in calvin cycle
to make 10 PGAL (30C ) into 6 RuBP (5 C) compounds
where dose the light independent reaction occur
stroma
