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PSMA > Dispensing III > Flashcards

Dispensing III Flashcards

1
Q

Response to a drug which is noxious and unintended and which occurs at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease or for the modification of physiologic function

A

ADVERSE DRUG REACTION

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2
Q

Asians and Eskimos
(Fast or Slow Acetylators)

A

Fast

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3
Q

Caucasians and Egyptians
(Fast or Slow Acetylators)

A

Slow

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4
Q

Most common type of ADR

A

AUGMENTED

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5
Q

Dose Dependent
Predictable
Common
Reproducible

A

TYPE A: AUGMENTED

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6
Q

most severe type of ADR

A

TYPE B: BIZZARE

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7
Q

-Not dose related
-Unpredictable
-Rare
-Unknown mechanism -Serious and fatal

A

TYPE B: BIZZARE

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8
Q

a disease that causes a fast rise in body temperature, resulting to severe muscle contraction and muscle breakdown

A

Malignant Hyperthermia

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9
Q

is due to hemolysis or abnormal breakdownof RBC

A

Hemolytic Anemia

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10
Q

is a immune-mediated
hypersensitivity complex involving the skin and mucous membrane; loss of up to 10% of outer layer of skin or necrolysis

A

Steven Johnsons Syndrome

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11
Q

genetically determined rxns or unsual effects

A

Idiosyncratic

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12
Q

related to immune responses to environmental antigens, resulting to symptomatic rxns

A

Hypersensitivity rxn

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13
Q

Allergic reaction that is provoke by reexposure to specific type of antigen or allergen (pollen)

A

TYPE 1: ANAPHYLACTIC/IMMEDIATE

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14
Q
  • The antibodies produced bind to antigen on the patient’s own cell surfaces (leukocytes and erythrocytes) that will produce
    compliment-mediated lysis
A

TYPE 2: CYTOTOXIC

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15
Q
  • Leads to small immune complexes, which are not effectively
    cleared, causing tissue damage and inflammation
A

TYPE 3: IMMUNE COMPLEX

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16
Q

A reaction that takes 2 to 3 days to developed

A

TYPE 4: DELAYED OR CELL MEDIATED

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17
Q

acute generalized reactions that occur when a previously sensitized person reexposed to a particle antigen

A

Anaphylactic reaction

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18
Q

Clinical manifestations of this reaction include hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and granulocytopenia

A

CYTOTOXIC REACTIONS

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19
Q
  • Reaction result from the formation of antibody complexes in serum, which often deposit in blood vessel walls, resulting in activation of complement and endothelial cell injury
A

TYPE 3: IMMUNE COMPLEX

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20
Q

Dose Related
Time Dependent
Duration (↑) = Risk (↑)

A

TYPE C: CONTINOUS

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21
Q

person takes the drug compulsively

A

Addiction

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22
Q

craving and compulsive drug seeking behavior (body)

A

Physical Dependence

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23
Q

abstinence from drug produces physiological symptoms (mind)

A

Psychological Dependence

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24
Q
  • reduced effect with repeated used of thedrug;decreased in physiological response to the susbtancewiththecontinuous use of the same dose
A

Tolerance

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25
Q

Marijuana and Opiates

Addiction
Physical Dep
Psychological Dep
Tolerance

A

Addiction

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26
Q

Painkillers & Nicotine

Addiction
Physical Dep
Psychological Dep
Tolerance

A

Tolerance

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27
Q

BZD, CAFFEINE, COCAINE

Addiction
Physical Dep
Psychological Dep
Tolerance

A

Psychological Dep

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28
Q

Time-Dependent type of ADR

A

TYPE D: DELAYED

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29
Q
A
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30
Q

Other name of Carcinogenicity

A

Malignant Neoplasms

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31
Q

drug that causes neural tube defectcs

A

Carbamazepine

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32
Q

drug that causes increase risk of development of vaginal and adenocarcinoma after puberty

A

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

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33
Q

drug that causes fetal hydantoin syndrome

A

Phenytoin

34
Q

drug that causes 8th nerve damage

A

STREPTOMYCIN

35
Q

drug that causes discoloration of teeth

A

TETRACYCLINE

36
Q

drug that causes phocomelia

A

THALIDOMIDE

37
Q

drug that causes powerful teratogen

A

ISOTRETINOIN

38
Q

-Adequate, well-controlled studies of pregnant mothers
-No risk of fetal abnormalities in animals

A

Category A

39
Q

No adequate, well – controlled studies of pregnant mothers
-No risk of fetal abnormalities in animals

A

Category B

40
Q

No adequate, well – controlled studies of pregnant mothers ○ Animal studies – showed adverse effects

A

CATEGORY C

41
Q

Adequate, well – controlled studies of pregnant mothers ○ Risk present ○
Benefit > risk

A

CATEGORY D

42
Q

Adequate, well – controlled studies
of pregnant mothers ○ Contraindications ○ Benefit < risk

A

CATEGORY X

43
Q

Adequate and well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters)

A

CATEGORY A

44
Q

Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.

A

CATEGORY B

45
Q

Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.

A

CATEGORY C

46
Q

There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.

A

CATEGORY D

47
Q

Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits.

A

CATEGORY X

48
Q

Use of the product is contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant

A

CATEGORY X

49
Q

Use of Lansoprazole

A

CATEORY B

50
Q

Use of Leflunomide

A

CATEORY X

51
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
LITHIUM

A

EBSTEIN ANOMALY

52
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
VPA Valproic Acid

A

SPINA BIFIDA

53
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
Anabolic Steroids

A

Masculinization of female fetus

54
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
THALIDOMIDE

A

PHOCOMELIA

55
Q

3 Manifestations of Phocomelia

A

Polyneuriti
Limb deformities Mental retardation

56
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
CARBAMAZEPINE & VALPROIC ACID

A

Neural birth defects

57
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
DES Diethylstilbestrol

A

Risk of developing vaginal adenocarcinoma
after puberty

58
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
PHENYTOIN

A

Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome

59
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
Tetracycline

A

Discoloration & defects of teeth & altered bone growth

60
Q

Teratogenic Effect of:
Streptomycin

A

8th Cranial Nerve

61
Q

-Unexpected failure of Therapy
-common
-Dose-related

A

TYPE F: FAILURE OF THERAPY

62
Q

It refers to any ADR produced by the administration of drug or co-exposed of the drug to another substance, which modified the patient’s response to the drug

A

DRUG INTERACTION

63
Q

5 Drug Interactions

A

○ Drug-food
○ Drug-laboratory
○ Drug-drug
○ Drug-herb
○ Drug-disease

64
Q
  • one that causes the interaction
A

PRECIPITANT DRUG

65
Q
  • one that is affected in the interaction
A

OBJECT DRUG

66
Q

Effect:
Bisacodyl + Milk

A

Alteration of pH

67
Q

Effect:
Barbiturates + Alc

A

INC Sedation

68
Q

Lidocaine + Phenytoin =

A

Excessive Cardiac Depression

69
Q

Lidocaine + Procainamide =

A

Additive Neurological Effects

70
Q

Management for Lidocaine ADR

A

Pramoxine

71
Q

Erythromycin
Should not be given with food =

A

Erythromycin stearate

72
Q

Erythromycin
Can be given with food =

A

Estolate and Ethylsuccinate

73
Q

Occurs when two or more drugs, with or without the same overt effect, are used together to yield a combined effect that has an
outcome greater than the sum of the single drugs active
components alone

A

SYNERGISTIC/SYNERGISM

74
Q

Describes a particular type of synergistic effect-a drug interaction
in which only one of two drugs exerts the action that is made
greater by the presence of the second drug

A

POTENTIATION

75
Q

Has antagonistic effect and common to antidotes

A

ANTAGONISM

76
Q

is a type of chemical incompatibility wherein
chemical reaction can be reduced by mixing the solution in
dilute forms or by changing the order of mixing

A

Tolerated

77
Q

This refers to the potential of effect when 2 drugs with the same
active ingredient or with the same action are taken at the same
time

A

ADDITIVE

78
Q

supported by well proven clinical studies

A

Established

79
Q

very likely but might not be proven clinically

A

Probable

80
Q

might occur and some data might be available

A

Suspected

81
Q

could occur and limited data are available

A

Possible

82
Q

doubtful ; no good evidence of an alteredclinical effect is available

A

Unlikely

PSMA (15 decks)

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