Anatomical Levers Flashcards

1
Q

Lever

A

> A long bar that pivots (bone)

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2
Q

Fulcrum

A

> The point where the load is pivoted

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3
Q

Load

A

> The weight trying to move (body/object)

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4
Q

Effort

A

> The force applied to move the load (muscle)

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5
Q

First class lever

A

> The fulcrum is in the middle, between to effort and load

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6
Q

First class lever: examples

A

1) Football header
E: neck muscles
F: neck joint
L: head weight

2) Throw in
E: tricep muscle
F: elbow joint
L: football weight

3) Oar of rowing boat
E: arm pulling oar
F: oar lock on boat
L: water resistance

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7
Q

Second class levers

A

> The load is in the middle, between the effort and the fulcrum

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8
Q

Second class levers: example

A

> A diver on their tiptoes at the edge of the board
E: gastrocnemius muscle
L: body weight
F: toe joints (ball of foot)

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9
Q

Third class levers

A

> The effort is in the middle, between the load and the fulcrum

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10
Q

Third class levers: example

A

> A bicep curl
F: elbow joint
E: bicep muscle
L: dumbell weight

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11
Q

Mechanical advantage

A

> A large load can be lifted by a relatively small amount of effort (effort arm is longer)

1st class
2nd class

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12
Q

Mechanical disadvantage

A

> Cannot lift a large a load with the same amount of effort (load arm is longer)
Can produce a large range of movement with relatively low effort

1st class
3rd class

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