Anatomical Levers

Question 1

Lever

Answer 1

> A long bar that pivots (bone)

Question 2

Fulcrum

Answer 2

> The point where the load is pivoted

Question 3

Load

Answer 3

> The weight trying to move (body/object)

Question 4

Effort

Answer 4

> The force applied to move the load (muscle)

Question 5

First class lever

Answer 5

> The fulcrum is in the middle, between to effort and load

Question 6

First class lever: examples

Answer 6

1) Football header
E: neck muscles
F: neck joint
L: head weight

2) Throw in
E: tricep muscle
F: elbow joint
L: football weight

3) Oar of rowing boat
E: arm pulling oar
F: oar lock on boat
L: water resistance

Question 7

Second class levers

Answer 7

> The load is in the middle, between the effort and the fulcrum

Question 8

Second class levers: example

Answer 8

> A diver on their tiptoes at the edge of the board
E: gastrocnemius muscle
L: body weight
F: toe joints (ball of foot)

Question 9

Third class levers

Answer 9

> The effort is in the middle, between the load and the fulcrum

Question 10

Third class levers: example

Answer 10

> A bicep curl
F: elbow joint
E: bicep muscle
L: dumbell weight

Question 11

Mechanical advantage

Answer 11

> A large load can be lifted by a relatively small amount of effort (effort arm is longer)

1st class
2nd class

Question 12

Mechanical disadvantage

Answer 12

> Cannot lift a large a load with the same amount of effort (load arm is longer)
Can produce a large range of movement with relatively low effort

1st class
3rd class