Information Handling, Modelling And Forward Planning

Question 1

Define and explain the different types of patent

Answer 1

Safeguards an original invention for a specific period
Three types: utility patents, plant patents, and design patents

Utility Patents:
- Cover new or improved products, processes, or machines
- Prevents others from making, using, or selling without consent
- Last up to 20 years, requiring maintenance fees

Plant Patents:
- Protecting asexually reproducible plant varieties
- Last 20 years

Design Patents:
- Apply to the unique look of a manufactured item
- Last for 14 years, no maintenance fees

Question 2

Define and explain aspects of copyright

Answer 2

Protect works of authorship - writings, art, architecture, music
The copyright owner has sole right to display, share, perform, or license the material

Fair Use Doctrine:
Allows limited distribution for scholarly, educational, or news-reporting purposes

Registration:
Not required for protection, however official registration makes it easier to establish authorship
Typically 70 years after the author’s death

Question 3

Define and explain aspects of design right

Answer 3

Protects the shape of a three-dimensional design
Registered design right: up to 25 years protection
Unregistered design right: lasts 10 years after first sale or 15 years after creation - whichever earliest

Limitations:
Is not viable if part of another design
Does not apply if the design is not original

Question 4

Define and explain aspects of trademarks

Answer 4

Protect words and design elements identifying a product’s source.
Examples: brand names and corporate logos

Infringement:
Prohibits any marks with a likelihood of confusion
Examples: using Coca-Cola logo without permission
Trademark holders may sue for infringement.