13 - Oral health programs for indigenous peoples

Question 1

What percentage Canada’s population encompasses Indigenous people?

Answer 1

5.0%, which is approximately 1.8 million Indigenous people in Canada

Question 2

Amongst the Indigenous people who lived in crowded housing, who experienced the most trouble in rankings of least to most?

Answer 2

Metis (7.9%) -> First Nations (21.4%) -> Inuit (40.1%)

Question 3

What drove the decline of low-income in higher government transfers in 2020?

Answer 3

1.) Canada Child Benefit (CCB)
2.) Temporary pandemic relief benefits (CERB)

Question 4

Which group of indigenous people had a higher rate of achieving a diploma?

Answer 4

First Nations people: 41.9% to 52.2%

Question 5

What majority of indigenous people live in the province of Alberta?

Answer 5

1.) First Nations (52.8%)
2.) Metis (44.2%)
3.) Inuit (1.0%)

Question 6

What are the 2 major approaches of oral health programs ?

Answer 6

Treatment vs. Population Health

Question 7

What is the difference between treatment vs. Population Health

Answer 7

Treatment involves:
- fee-for-service to dentists & hygienists
- Low attendance rates
- No change in disease
- Discontent with NIHB by dentists

Population health involves:
- Prevention - fluoride varnish, sealants,
- ART with Dental Therapists and or Dental Hygienists
- Oral Health Promotion

Question 8

What is the Non-Insured Health Benefit? (NIHB)

Answer 8

• It is the primary and supplementary services to First Nations and Inuit.
• It is funded by the Federal Government.
• Covered benefits from 898,839 eligible clients during the years of 2020-2021

Question 9

What is the downside of the Non-insured Health Benefit program?

Answer 9

There is limited cap for services and how much treatment can be provided. It is challenging to get further units of scaling for that manner.

Question 10

What are some concerns in regards to the Non-Insured Health Benefit program?

Answer 10

• Lack of utilization
• Dentists not participating
• Dentists not taking assignment of payments
• Frustration with paper work, bureaucracy
• Frustration with pre-authorization
• Lack of understanding of benefits by eligible participants
• limits on procedures.

Question 11

What is the Children’s Oral Health Initiative? (COHI)

Answer 11

An initiative focused on preventing dental diseases and promoting good oral health practices.
It has a shift in providing an approach balanced prevention and treatment focus over a primarily treatment-based approach.

Question 12

Who are the targets for the Children’s Oral Health Initiative? (COHI)

Answer 12

• pregnant women and primary caregivers
• preschool children, 0-4 years of age
• School children, 5-7 years of age