Fundamentals Flashcards
what does cerebral dominance align with?
dominant hand (right-handed people are left brain dominant)
what do frontal lobes control?
emotion and personality
social behaviour
contralateral motor control
language
urination
what occurs when there is damage to the frontal lobe
behaviour and personality disorders
antisocial behaviours
expressive speech disturbance
incontinence
impaired memory
tumours can also cause night time seizures
what does the parietal lobe control
sensory perception
language
numeracy
non-dominant lobe is concerned with spatial awareness, orientation and constructional skills
what occurs when there is damage to the parietal lobe
dyslexia
dyspraxia
agnosia
acalculia
neglect of the contralateral side
spatial disorientation
what are the temporal lobes involved with
memory functions
linked with limbic system (memory and emotional processing
verbal comprehension
primary auditory and vestibular cortex
musical processing (rhythm=dominant, pitch and melody=non-dominant)
what is the occipital lobe responsible for
visual interpretation
contralateral visual hemifield is represented in each primary visual cortex
surrounding areas of cortex process visual sub-modalities (such as colour, movement, depth and analysis of more complex visual patterns)
what does problems with the occipital lobe lead to
visual inattention
visual loss
visual agnosia
what are the deep nuclei of the brain and their function
basal ganglia - motor control
thalamus - level of attention to sensory perception
limbic system - emotion and memory
hypothalamus - homeostasis
what does the brainstem contain
all the sensory and motor pathways leaving the brain
houses the nuclei and projections of most cranial nerves
what do the cranial nerves do
provide motor control to muscles of the head
coordinate sensory input from the spatial sense organs in the head
relays autonomic messages
what is the reticular formation involved in
control of conjugate eye movements
maintenance of balance and arousal
cardiorespiratory control
what is the function of the cerebellum
controls the same half of the body
finetunes and coordinates movements initiated by the motor cortex (including articulation of speech)
involved in planning and learning of skilled movements
controls smoothness of eye movements
accuracy of limb movement
distance of targets
rapid regularly alternating movements
coordination of gait and posture
