Lesson 2.1: Three Domains of Life

Question 1

Define domain

Answer 1

Highest taxonomic rank

Question 2

What are the three domains of life?

Answer 2

Bacteria
Eukarya
Archaea

Question 3

Who are the three scientists who introduced these three domains

Answer 3

Carl Woese
Otto Kandler
Mark Wheelis

Question 4

A. American biophysicist and microbiologist
B. he defined ________ in ______
C. using what technique?
D. Explain his major discovery

Answer 4

A. Carl Woes
B. archaea in 1977
C. 16s rRNA phylogenetic taxonomy
D. genetics and molecular difference of archaea and bacteria

Question 5

A. German botanist and microbiologist
B. his field studies _____
C. he observed
D. his conclusion

Answer 5

A. Otto Kandler
B. cell walls
C. difference of the cell wall of archaea and bacteria
D. archaea represents an autonomous group

Question 6

A. American biologist
B. he collaborated on a book entitled
C. what are the points from the book

Answer 6

A. Mark Wheelis
B. “Towards a natural system of organisms”
C. change from two empire system to three, highlighting that archaea is an autonomous group

Question 7

The most ancient forms of life

Answer 7

Prokaryotes

Question 8

Describe the structure of a prokaryotes

Answer 8

-Small, simple in structure and lack nuclues

Question 9

A. _______ evolved billion of years after prokaryotes
B. They are _________ with many internal parts including a _______
C. Includes ____, _______, ________, and ______.

Answer 9

A. Eukaryotes
B. larger and more complex, nucleus
C. protists, fungi, plants and animals

Question 10

FEATURES OF BACTERIA, ARACHEA, AND EUKARYA

Answer 10

Plasma membrane
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Genetic material (DNA)

Question 11

Cell type

Answer 11

Bacteria: Prokaryotic
Archaea: Prokaryotic
Eukarya: Eukaryotic

Question 12

Nucleus

Answer 12

Bacteria: Absent
Archaea: Absent
Eukarya: Present

Question 13

Membrane Chemistry

Answer 13

Bacteria: Fatty acids
Archaea: Nonfatty acids
Eukarya: Fatty acids

Question 14

Membrane bounded organelles

Answer 14

Bacteria: Absent
Archaea: Absent
Eukarya: Present

Question 15

Typical cell size

Answer 15

Bacteria: 1-10 um
Archaea: 1-10 um
Eukarya: 10-100 um

Question 16

bacterial cell are a)_____ as they lack b)______
while animal cell are c)___ as they have many d)_____

Answer 16

a) prokaryotic
b) membrane-bounded organelles
c) eukaryotic
d) different membrane-bounded organelles

Question 17

Plant cells are also a) _______
they have the same membrane bounded organelles but has b)

Answer 17

a) eukaryotic
b) large central vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplast