Geriatrics - Pressure Ulcers

Question 1

Where do pressure ulcers usually develop?

Answer 1

Bony prominences e.g.
- Sacrum
- Heel

Question 2

What are the risk factors of developing pressure ulcers?

Answer 2

Mobility
Pain (leads to reduced mobility)
Malnourishment
Incontinence

Question 3

What scoring system is used to screen patient at risk of pressure ulcer development?

Answer 3

Waterlow score
- BMI
- Nutritional status
- Skin type
- Mobility
- Continence

Question 4

How are pressure ulcers graded?

Answer 4

Grade 1
Skin discolouration

Grade 2
Partial thickness loss of skin
Superficial ulcer

Grade 3
Full thickness skin loss
Necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that extends down but not through fascia

Grade 4
Full thickness skin loss
Extensive destruction, tissue necrosis
Muscle or bone damage or supporting structures

Question 5

How are pressure ulcers treated?

Answer 5

• Moist environment actually encourages ulcer healing, so use Hydrocolloid dressings and hydrogels
• Do not use soap- dries the wound
• Do not use wound swabs- pressure ulcers usually colonised with bacteria
• Antibiotics if surrounding cellulitis
• Referral to tissue viability nurse
• Surgical debridement