Sampling Flashcards

1
Q

what is random sampling?

A

everyone has an equal chance of being selected.

E.G putting names of students in a hat, and picking them out

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2
Q

what is systematic sampling?

A

every Nth member of the population is selected.

E.G get a list of all the students and select every 5th student

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3
Q

what is opportunity sampling?

A

people who are available at the time are selected.

e.g. researcher going to the canteen at break time and selecting students who are available.

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4
Q

what is volunteer sampling?

A

participants self select – volunteer to take part.

e.g. researcher advertises on posters for willing students.

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5
Q

what is stratified sampling?

A

the sample will reflect the proportions of people in the population.

e.g. researcher identifies groups (strata) they want to be in the sample.

-work out the proportion they’re in

-select students in that proportion.

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6
Q

strengths of random sampling?

A

-unlikely that the sample will be biased, as the researcher has no control over who is in the sample.

-end up with the same representative sample.

-high population validity

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7
Q

weaknesses of random sampling?

A

-can take a long time, esp if target population is large

-could still be biased/unrepresentative

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8
Q

strengths of stratified sampling?

A

-representative of the population

-avoids researcher bias s randomisation also occurs

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9
Q

weaknesses of stratified sampling?

A

-time consuming and difficult

-identified smaller groups may still not be representative

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10
Q

strengths of opportunity sampling?

A

-convenient, quick and easy to do.

-saves money and time

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11
Q

weaknesses of opportunity sampling?

A

-less representative because the sample was taken from the same section of the population

-researcher bias, choice over who to choose.

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12
Q

strengths of volunteer sampling?

A

-quick and easy to do as participants come to the researcher

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13
Q

weaknesses of volunteer sampling?

A

-most likely to all be similar participants as they’re all willing, and more eager to please population. Volunteer bias.

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14
Q

strengths of systematic sampling?

A

-avoids researcher bias as people are selected by a system and the researcher has no influence

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15
Q

weaknesses of systematic sampling?

A

-time consuming and some may refuse to take part.

-unrepresentative.

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