Module 2 Biopsychology

Question 1

Evolutionary psychologists study how individual differences arise, in the present, through the interaction of genes and the environment.

Answer 1

false

Question 2

The field of epigenetics studies fraternal twins to see how the same genotype can be expressed in different ways.

Answer 2

false

Question 3

Some genes are vital to our survival and lead to natural selection.

Answer 3

true

Question 4

Glial cells are the basic building blocks of the nervous system.

Answer 4

false

Question 5

Like a lock and key, each neurotransmitter fits a specific dendrite.

Answer 5

false

Question 6

An agonist facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system.

Answer 6

true

Question 7

The four lobes of the brain are part of the hindbrain.

Answer 7

false

Question 8

Reflexes do not need input from the brain.

Answer 8

true

Question 9

The hindbrain controls basic biological functions that keep us alive.

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Which functional division of the nervous system is responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise (e.g., increased heart rate and sweating)?

Answer 10

autonomic

Question 11

The divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the __________ and the __________.

Answer 11

sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question 12

Sensory and motor nerves are part of the __________ nervous system.

Answer 12

somatic

Question 13

Sympathetic activation is associated with…

Answer 13

pupil dilation

Question 14

Thaddeus is having difficulty moving his leg. Which system controls the voluntary responses in his joints and muscles?

Answer 14

somatic

Question 15

Scientists still use a CT/MRI combination in schizophrenia research.

Answer 15

false

Question 16

Brain imaging techniques rely on radiation, magnetic fields, and electrical activity.

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Strokes are a good way of learning the functions of specific brain areas because they tend to impact a large area.

Answer 17

false

Question 18

How many pairs of chromosomes are typical in humans?

Answer 18

23

Question 19

A sudden, permanent change in a gene is called a(n)…

Answer 19

mutation

Question 20

__________ asserts that our genes set definite limits on potential, and the environment determines how much of that potential is achieved.

Answer 20

range of reaction

Question 21

Which perspective asserts that genotype is not fixed or limited?

Answer 21

epigenetics

Question 22

Neuronal signals travel to the axon terminals where neurotransmitters are released into the empty space between the next call neuron known as the…

Answer 22

synapse

Question 23

Which part of a nerve cell transmits information over a long distance?

Answer 23

axon

Question 24

The maximum number of positive ions that a neuron can hold is known as the…

Answer 24

threshold of excitation

Question 25

Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the…

Answer 25

myelin sheath

Question 26

Psychoactive drugs can act as __________ or __________ for a given neurotransmitter system.

Answer 26

antagonist; agonist

Question 27

The __________ is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing.

Answer 27

thalamus

Question 28

Damage to which part of the brain disrupts one’s ability to comprehend language but leaves one’s ability to produce words intact?

Answer 28

Wernicke’s area

Question 29

Which part of the brain is responsible for interpreting incoming visual information?

Answer 29

occipital lobe

Question 30

The __________ is responsible for processing some types of memories. Specifically, procedural memory, or memory involved in learning and remembering how to perform tasks.

Answer 30

cerebellum

Question 31

Which part of the brain regulates emotions such as fear and aggression?

Answer 31

amygdala

Question 32

Which nervous system controls the body’s ability to move the hand to play an instrument?

Answer 32

somatic

Question 33

Nicotine’s effect on the autonomic system causes which of the following?

Answer 33

irregular rhythm of the heart

Question 34

The __________ branch of the nervous system carries sensory information to the CNS.

Answer 34

afferent somatic sensory

Question 35

Which functional division of the nervous system is responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise (e.g., increased heart rate and sweating)?

Answer 35

autonomic

Question 36

The __________ nervous system operates to maintain the body’s homeostasis.

Answer 36

autonomic

Question 37

The two techniques involving radiation include the __________ and the __________.

Answer 37

CT scan; PET scan

Question 38

A(n) __________ has obvious limitations like little detail and exposure to radiation.

Answer 38

PET scan

Question 39

The two techniques involving magnetic fields include the __________ and the __________.

Answer 39

MRI; fMRI

Question 40

Electroencephalography (EEG) is useful if you do not need the actual __________ of the activity, but precise timing is important.

Answer 40

location

Question 41

Which brain imaging technology measures the brain’s electrical activity?

Answer 41

EEG

Question 42

__________ refers to a person’s genetic makeup, while __________ refers to a person’s physical characteristics.

Answer 42

genotype; phenotype