Antimicrobial Drugs Worksheet

Question 1

• Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis
• Effective against Gram-positive bacteria
• Stable in stomach acids
• Oral administration

Answer 1

Penicillin V

Question 2

Ampicillin

Answer 2

• Semisynthetic penicillin
• Broadspectrum

Question 3

broad spectrum, semisynthetic penicillin with out penicillinase inhibitor

Answer 3

ampicillin

Question 4

broad spectrum, semisynthetic penicillin with inhibitor of penicillinase

Answer 4

Amoxicillin

Question 5

very broad spectrum semisynthetic penicillin

Answer 5

Imipenem

Question 6

Amoxicillin

Answer 6

broad spectrum, semisynthetic penicillin with inhibitor of penicillinase

Question 7

Imipenem

Answer 7

very broad spectrum semisynthetic penicillin

Question 8

• Inhibit cell wall synthesis in essentially the sameway as do penicillins
• More widely used than any
  other β-lactam antibiotics

Answer 8

Cephalosporins

Question 9

Inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid component of
cell wall of Mycobacterium spp. with little effect
on non-mycobacteria

Answer 9

Isoniazid

Question 10

• Inhibits the formation of peptide bonds in the
  growing polypeptide chain by reacting with the 50S portion of the 70S prokaryotic ribosome
• Broad Spectrum
• Potentially Toxic
• Relatively Inexpensive

Answer 10

Chloramphenicol

Question 11

• best-known aminoglycoside
• used as an alternative drug in the treatment of tuberculosis

Answer 11

Streptomycin

Question 12

• an aminoglycoside
• especially useful against Pseudomonas infections

Answer 12

Gentamicin

Question 13

• group produced by the Streptomyces spp.
• prevents the addition of amino acids to the growing peptide chain
• broad spectrum, including chlamydias and rickettsias
• animal feed additives

Answer 13

Tetracycline

Question 14

Prior to the start of viral replication, viral nucleic acids are released from their protein coat. This anti-influenza A drug inhibits uncoating.

Answer 14

Amantadine

Question 15

• Antiretroviral
• Inhibitor of DNA/RNA synthesis
• nucleoside analog used in the treatment
  of HIV

Answer 15

Zidovudine (AZT)

Question 16

Nucleoside analog used for treating herpes
infections–especially genital herpes.

Useful in immunosuppressed individuals.

Answer 16

Acyclovir

Question 17

Interferon that inhibits the spread of virus to new cells; a drug of choice for viral hepatitis infections.

Answer 17

Alpha Interferon

Question 18

• Synthetic derivative used to control malaria.
• Antiprotozoan drug that inhibits DNA synthesis

Answer 18

Chloroquine

Question 19

• Widely used antiprotozoan drugs
• Drug of choice for vaginitis
• Effective Tx for giardiasis, amebiasis, and trichomoniasis

Answer 19

Metronidazole, Tinidazole

Question 20

Antihelminthic drug that inhibits ATP production under aerobic conditions.

Kills Tapeworm

Answer 20

Niclosamide

Question 21

Antihelminthic drug that alters permeability of
plasma membranes.

Kills Flatworms

Answer 21

Praziquantel

Question 22

2 antihelminthic drugs that inhibit the formation of microtubules in the cytoplasm, which interferes with absorption of nutrients by the parasite.

Used Against Intestinal Roundworms

Answer 22

Mebendazole, Albendazole

Question 23

• Best known macrolide in clinical use
• Mode of action is inhibition of protein synthesis
• Unable to penetrate the cells walls of most Gram-negative cells

Answer 23

Erythromycin

Question 24

• Causes injury to the plasma membrane
• Effective against Gram-negative bacteria
• For many years it was one of the very few drugs available for use against infection by Pseudomonas bacteria

Answer 24

Polymyxin B

Question 25

• Best known derivative of the rifamycin family
  of antibiotics
• Inhibits synthesis of mRNA
• Used to treat tuberculosis and leprosy

Answer 25

Rifampin

Question 26

• Inhibits DNA synthesis;
• Best known for its use against anthrax
• Widely used in earliest generation of fluoroquinolones

Answer 26

Ciprofloxacin

Question 27

• Competitive inhibitor of the synthesis of essential metabolites
• Combination is widely used and only 10% of the combined concentration is needed
  compared to when the drugs are used separately
• Sulfonamides

Answer 27

Trimethorprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Question 28

anti-fungal medication produced by Streptomyces species of soil bacteria

Answer 28

Amphotericin B

Question 29

3 antifungal azole drugs which inhibit synthesis of plasma membranes.

Used in treatment of ringworm, vaginal candidiasis & systemic mycoses.

Answer 29

Clotrimazole, Miconazole, Ketoconzale

Question 30

3 antiviral drugs that inhibit entry and fusion and inhibit neuraminidase on influenza virus

Answer 30

Zanamivir, Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)