The Indigenous peoples pt.3 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the appearance of the Arawaks

A

they were of short to middle length, well shaped, but slightly built or plump.

their skin color was olive

they had broad noses and nostrils which were widely flared

their hair was black and straight but coarse and was usually worn long

their head was flattened at the forehead

Some went completely naked

married women wore a piece of cotton cloth called nagua over their loins

they painted their faces, eyes , nose and bare parts of their heads

they wore a lot of jewelry, the cacique wore more jewelry than others. their jewelry was made of gold or an alloy of gold and copper called guanine

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2
Q

Modern day San Salvador, in the time of Columbus was called?

A

Guanahani

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3
Q

Arawaks had only one domestic animal which they used for hunting?

A

A dog called alcos. it could not bark but made a growling noise

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4
Q

Seasoning with ______ and _______ was common among the Arawaks

A

salt, pepper

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5
Q

Arawaks made a sauce from cassava called ________

A

cassareep

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6
Q

The Arawaks favorite dish?

A

pepperpot soup

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7
Q

Cassava was known to the taino as ?

A

yucca

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8
Q

Why would Arawaks often choose sites at the top of hills?

A

as a precaution against surprise attacks

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9
Q

The two largest buildings in an Arawak village?

A

bohio, dwelling place of the cacique

caney, village meeting place for public activities and ceremonies

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10
Q

Central plaza in the Arawak village?

A

Batey

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11
Q

How was a usual Arawak house constructed?

A

the usual house was round with a roof that was thatched in conical shape.

wooden posts were put into the ground in a circle and canes were woven between them then tied with creepers.

In the thatched roof, there was a hole left in the top to allow smoke to escape

there were no windows and only one opening for a door

the houses had little furniture except for hammocks made of cotton in which the inhabitants slept

there were a few clay pots and other few vessels

other items that could be found were stools or tables but they were very rare

there would always be a small statue of a zemi/idol made of wood, stone, cotton, or a basket of bones serving as a zemi.

outside the house were conucos where maize, cassava, groundnuts, sweet potatoes, yautia and other crops were grown.

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12
Q

lesser chiefs in an Arawak society

A

Nitainos

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13
Q

the labor force in a taino society

A

Naborios

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14
Q

The Arawaks were _________ by custom, although the Cacique was allowed to have many wives

A

monogamous

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15
Q

Name some responsibilities of the Cacique

A

he dealt with the distribution of land, the ordering of labor, and the planting and distribution of crops.

he made decisions of peace and war and was the leader in war

he was a religious leader

he fixed the day of worship and led ceremonies playing a wooden gong

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16
Q

What were some privileges that a cacique had?

A

His wives could wear longer skirts than other women

he could have many wives

His house was built for him and was larger than the others. His canoe was also built for him by his tribesmen

He was given the best food and carried in a litter

He was buried in a marked grave and some of his wives were buried with him

He had a special ceremonial stool called the duho

He had his own zemis which were thought to be more powerful than any others

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17
Q

The special ceremonial stool for the cacique

A

duho

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18
Q

The Arawak word for mother

A

toa

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19
Q

Arawak word for heaven

A

coyaba

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20
Q

Arawak word for powdered tobacco

A

cohoba

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21
Q

poems said by Arawaks

A

areytos

22
Q

What are some things the Arawaks practice for pleasure?

A

smoking, the played batos,and creating artefacts

23
Q

The Arawaks were a primitive people meaning?

A

they could not read or write

24
Q

Arawak word for the tobacco plant and the word they used for the pipe they smoked it in

A

cohiba, tabaco

25
Q

Why did the Arawaks smoke tobacco?

A

for contentment, peace and to help them meditate

26
Q

Who was the priest that tried to convert the Caribs to Christianity?

A

Father Raymond Breton

27
Q

Describe the appearance of the Caribs

A

they were taller than the Arwaks but still medium in height

they were stronger than the Arawaks

they skin was brown and they usually went naked.

women painted their bodies with a red dye called roucou and made many decorations. women wore rassada which were bracelets round their arms and legs

men also painted their bodies and sometimes wore feathered headdresses and jewelry through their lips and noses. the wore a necklace called a caracoli which had small bones and teeth of victims from which a crescent shaped ornament was suspended. it showed the wearer’s courage.

their heads were flattened at the forehead

they had long, straight black hair which they combed and dressed with oil

they had a complete absence of body hair

28
Q

Carib’s village headman

A

trubutuli hauthe

29
Q

Carib word for canoe

A

canoua

30
Q

Commander in chief for the Caribs

A

ouboutou

31
Q

Carib village meeting house for warrior men

A

Karbay

32
Q

The Caribs slept in hammocks but also had a kind of bed called an?

A

Amais

33
Q

At what age do Carib boys get taken from their mothers and taken to the Karbay to be trained as warriors?

A

4 yrs

34
Q

At what age did Carib boys have to do an initiation test to become warriors?

A

fourteen or fifteen years

35
Q

What were some test Carib boys had to be pass to able to become warriors

A

endure pain by being scratched with agouti claws and having salt rubbed into the wounds without crying out

to shoot a bird off the top of a tree with a bow and arrow

they had to be great swimmers

36
Q

Carib word for son in law

A

poitos

37
Q

The Caribs made two types of canoes, name them

A

Coulianas and canouas

38
Q

The Caribs believed in an evil spirit called?

A

maybouya

39
Q

What were carib shamans called?

A

Boyez

40
Q

Carib word for spells?

A

piai

41
Q

Where did the Mayans settle?

A

Central America and the Yucatan peninsula

42
Q

The main crop that the Mayas cultivated?

A

maize

43
Q

The plots on which the Mayas cultivated their crops were called?

A

milpas

44
Q

The six centuries of the Mayan civilisation are known as?

A

The Classic Period of Maya civilization

45
Q

Another term for Halach Uinic in mayan society

A

real man

46
Q

Each Mayan village was controlled by a ?

A

Batab

47
Q

The free population of a Mayan society was divided into?

A

Farmers, artisans, merchants, and slaves

48
Q

Priests in a Mayan society

A

Ahkins

49
Q

How many gods did the Mayans worship?

A

166

50
Q

The chief god in Mayan society

A

Hunab Ku

51
Q

The sun god in Mayan society

A

Kinich Ahau