17. Health effects of Oil spills

Question 1

Where was deepwater horizon oil spill

Answer 1

Gulf of mexico
near mississippi delta US

Question 2

how much oil was spilled

Answer 2

4.9 million barrels
210 US gallons
780,000 m3

Question 3

how did oil spill happen

Answer 3

wellhead blowout

Question 4

how many people got injured and died from oil spill

Answer 4

11 killed
17 injured

Question 5

whos fault was deepwater horizon oil spill?

Answer 5

BP
rig operator Transocean
COntracter Halliburton

Question 6

what were companies blamed for

Answer 6

gross negligence
cost-cutting decisions
inadequate safety systems

Question 7

Health effects by deepwater horizon oil spill

Answer 7

Marine and wildlife damage
fishing and tourism affected

Question 8

has the oil been tried to removed

Answer 8

yes 4.9 million pounds was removed from Louisiana, and double after
reached Florida panhandle and tampa bay

Question 9

where is the oil embedded

Answer 9

it is embedded in sand

Question 10

how were marine animals affected

Answer 10

so many dolphins died
dying 6 times normal rate

Question 11

how were fish affected

Answer 11

tuna deformed heart
life shortening organs
cardiotoxicity

Question 12

what is the poster animal for spill

Answer 12

turtle, affects at early age

Question 13

main effects of oil on birds

Answer 13

cannot thermoregulate
spend all time preening

Question 14

what is baseline data

Answer 14

data about area prior to an event or disaster

Question 15

what is corexit?

Answer 15

Chemical dispersant
sinks to sea floor when mixed with oil
toxicity dispute

Question 16

physical evidence of oil spill still found in gulf coast. evidence?

Answer 16

Oily sea foam
tar balls

Question 17

what are medical issues mentioned in video

Answer 17

chronic cough
skin rash
memory loss

Question 18

what did the oil spill do to real estate market

Answer 18

houses stayed long on housign market

Question 19

what were some ways used to contain and eliminate the oil spill

Answer 19

Spreading oil using…
1. Skimmer ships
2. Floating containment booms
3. Controlled burns
4. Oil eating microbes
5. 1.84 million of oil dispersant called Corexit

Question 20

what is containment booms

Answer 20

Containment booms
become barriers for the farms and land
only work in calm waters
since 3 or 4 foot waves can move the boom, it was ineffective most times

Question 21

what is corexit a mixture of

Answer 21

Emulsifiers and solvents
breaks oil to small droplets and then dispersed in water so microbes can degrade

Question 22

how does corexit affect marine life

Answer 22

exposure to underwater animals can be harmed by toxicity of oil and dispersant
approved by EPA

Question 23

what is the airlift that sprayed corexit on the oil spill

Answer 23

910th Airlift wing that specializes in aerial spray

Question 24

Concerns of corexit

Answer 24

1. carcinocegnic ingredients
2. hazardous toxins
3. endocrine disrupting chemical

Question 25

how many times of toxicity of oil was increased in BP oil spill

Answer 25

52 times

Question 26

what are human conditions corexit can cause

Answer 26

CNS affected
nausea
wear protective clothing, wasn;t mentioned to gulf spill people

Question 27

where is corexit banned

Answer 27

UK

Question 28

why was corexit used in oil spill

Answer 28

• easily avilable
• not most effective
• bought 1/3 of supply

Question 29

how much reduction did EPA order BP to use corexit

Answer 29

75%

Question 30

what happened to workers cleaning up the oil spill

Answer 30

more chances to get cancer, leukemia and altered blood profile, liver enzymes

Question 31

how deep does deepwater horizon operate? what is it?

Answer 31

It is a drilling rig that could operate in waters up to 10000 feet deep

Question 32

what was it drilling and how deep

Answer 32

Deep exploratory well, 5000 feet deep

Question 33

what caused reservoir blowout

Answer 33

high-pressure methane gas from the well expanded into drilling rise and rose into drilling rig
ignited and exploded

Question 34

how deep was the oil reservoir and what was name

Answer 34

Macondo well, Macondo prospect
18360 ft under sea level

Question 35

what is a kick

Answer 35

unplanned flow of well fluids ( water, oil gas) into the wellbore

Question 36

what is a blowout

Answer 36

uncontrolled release of flammable oil and gas from well

Question 37

what features does a blowout preventer have

Answer 37

close pipe rams
circiular annular preventers
blind shear rams

Question 38

why did drill pipe buckle ? what were consequences

Answer 38

• effective compression
• large pressure difference between inside the pipe and outside
• Pipe was closed at top, oil continued to flow in from the bottom

-buckling caused blind shear rams to fail

Question 39

how much was settlement due to negligence, misdemeanour and manslaughter

Answer 39

-4.5 billion then trust fund of 42.2 Billion
- then extra 18.7 billion in fines, biggest corporate settlement in US history