Ch 25: Microbial Disease of digestive system

Question 1

What are streptococcus mutans

Answer 1

dental caries; plaque formation

Question 2

What is the main role of Streptococcus mutans in dental health, and how does it contribute to the formation of dental caries?

Answer 2

Streptococcus mutans is a key player in causing dental caries by metabolizing sugars, tolerating acidity, and forming biofilm and plaque.

Question 3

What is gastroenteritis, and what are the primary causes of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract?

Answer 3

inflammation of the GI tract due to viral or bacterial growth and toxin production, leading to the loss of water and electrolytes.

Question 4

What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis, and which viruses are frequently associated with it?

Answer 4

Viruses, with rotaviruses being a highly infectious double-stranded RNA virus that can lead to lethal dehydration. Norovirus is another viral cause.

Question 5

Which type of viruses, specifically, can cause gastroenteritis, and what are their characteristics?

Answer 5

Rotaviruses, known as dsRNA viruses, are highly infectious and can result in severe dehydration.

Question 6

Apart from viruses, what other group of microorganisms can cause bacterial gastroenteritis?

Answer 6

Gram-negative bacteria can also be responsible for bacterial gastroenteritis.

Question 7

Which specific virus is mentioned as a cause of gastroenteritis alongside bacteria?

Answer 7

Norovirus is mentioned as another viral cause of gastroenteritis.

Question 8

In bacterial (gram-negatives) what are the types that invade cells of epithelial mucosa

Answer 8

-shigella dysenteriae
-Ecoli
-salmonella enterica

Question 9

What are invasive shiva toxin via phage

Answer 9

E. coli

Question 10

what are non toxin producers

Answer 10

salmonella enterica

Question 11

In bacterial gram negatives what are the types that remain outside the epithelial cells (non-invasive)

Answer 11

-Shiga toxin
-Staphylococcus aureus

Question 12

What is shiga toxins

Answer 12

blocks host protein synthesis, damage endothelia causing capillary damage, loss of blood clots

Question 13

What is staphylococcus aureus

Answer 13

secrete enterotoxins into prepared foods

Question 14

What are protozoal infections causing gastreonteritis

Answer 14

Giardia lamblia

Question 15

What are examples of Giardia lambda

Answer 15

enters host as a cyst from contaminated drinking water; also found in rodents & pets

Question 16

What is a major cause of diarrhea throughout the world

Answer 16

Giardia lamblia

Question 17

What treats GI tract infections

Answer 17

Rehydration therapy (electrolytes/ water)

Question 18

What is an example of a Protozoan

Answer 18

Giardia lamblia

Question 19

E.coli [EHEC (O157:H7); are what

Answer 19

enterohemorrha

Question 20

Stapyloccus secrete what

Answer 20

Entertoxins

Question 21

What is salmonella enterica

Answer 21

a bacterium that causes salmonellosis which is an infection

Question 22

What are symptoms of salmonellosis

Answer 22

diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, and vomiting

Question 23

Shigella dysenteriae are what

Answer 23

entertoxin producers