The Basics of Chemistry Flashcards
What is a chemical
Anything you can see or touch except light and electricity
Organic Chemistry
The study of substances that contain carbon.
(all living things that were once alive)
Examples of organic substances
poison ivy, gasoline, motor oil, plastics, synthetics, fabrics, pesticides, and fertilizers
What does organic not mean?
Natural or healthy
What does organic mean?
The substance contains both carbon and hydrogen from either natural or synthetic sources
Inorganic Chemistry
Substances that do not contain carbon but may contain hydrogen
What are some inorganic chemicals
metals, minerals, glass, water, and air
Titanium dioxide, a white pigment used to whiten polymer powders and uv gels in nails polish to provide better coverage is an example of inorganic substance
Titanium dioxide, a white pigment used to whiten polymer powders and uv gels in nails polish to provide better coverage is an example of inorganic substance
Matter
Any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight)
All matter is made from chemicals, so everything made out of matter is a chemical. Matter has physical properties that you can touch taste smell or see
All matter is made from chemicals, so everything made out of matter is a chemical. Matter has physical properties that you can touch taste smell or see
energy is not matter, everything known to exist in the universe is either made of matter or energy
energy is not matter, everything known to exist in the universe is either made of matter or energy
What are two forms of energy
light and electricity
Element
The simplest form of chemical matter and cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity
How many naturally occurring elements are there?
90
what is O for?
Oxygen
What is C for?
Carbon
Atoms
Chemical particles from which all matter is composed; all matter is made entirely of chemicals
An atom is the smallest chemical particle of an element that retains the same properties of that element.
An atom is the smallest chemical particle of an element that retains the same properties of that element.
What can atoms not do?
Be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
Molecule
A chemical combination of two or more different types of atoms
Millions of chemical reactions occur in the body every second, which is what keeps us alive
Millions of chemical reactions occur in the body every second, which is what keeps us alive
Compound molecules
Made by combining two or more atoms of different elements
Sodium chloride (NaCI), or common table salt, is a chemical compound that contains one atom of the element sodium (Na) and one atom of the element chlorine (CI)
Sodium chloride (NaCI), or common table salt, is a chemical compound that contains one atom of the element sodium (Na) and one atom of the element chlorine (CI)