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Nail Technology > Skin Structure, Growth and Nutrition > Flashcards

Skin Structure, Growth and Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatologist

A

A physician who practices the treating of the skin , its structures, functions, and diseases

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2
Q

What is the largest organ in the body?

A

The skin

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3
Q

What is the thinnest skin of the body?

A

The skin under the eyes

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4
Q

Epidermis

A

The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin

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5
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A

The spiny layer just above the basal cell layer

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6
Q

What produces melanocytes

A

stratum germinativium with column shaped cells

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7
Q

what do melanocytes produce?

A

melanin

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8
Q

what does melanin help protect

A

protects the sensitive cells in the dermis from exposure to ultraviolet energy

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9
Q

Dermis

A

The underlying or inner layer of the skin

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10
Q

Papillary Layer

A

The outer layer of the dermis directly beneath the epidermis

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11
Q

Reticular Layer

A

The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients

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12
Q

Subcutaneous Tissue

A

A fatty layer found below the dermis

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13
Q

Adipose or (subcutis) varies in…

A

thickness according to the age, gender, weight, and general health of the individual

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14
Q

Lymph

A

The clear fluids of the body that resemble blood plasma

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15
Q

What does the lymph do

A

Bathes the skin cells removes toxins and other cellular waste,

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16
Q

What do Sensory Nerve Fibers react to?

A

heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain. (sends messages to the brain

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17
Q

Melanin

A

The tiny grains of pigment deposited into cells in the basal cell layer of the epidermis and papillary layer

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18
Q

What are the two types of melanin the body produces

A

pheomelanin (red to yellow in color and eumelanin (which is dark brown to black

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19
Q

What does wearing sunscreen of 15 up to 50 do for the skin

A

protects it from burning and from receiving damage that can lead to skin cancer or premature aging

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20
Q

What does the skin get its strength, form, and flexibility from

A

Collagen and Elastin (found in the dermis)

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21
Q

Collagen

A

Fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength

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22
Q

Elastin

A

A protein similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue

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23
Q

What does elastin help the skin do

A

It helps the skin regain its shape

24
Q

What are the glands of the skin?

A

sudoriferous glands, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

25
Q

What controls the secretion of sweat

A

The nervous system

26
Q

How much is eliminated daily through sweat pores

A

one to two pints of liquids containing salts

27
Q

Squalene

A

a moisturizer and lubricant that replenishes the skin

28
Q

Where are squalene glands mostly found

A

all parts of the body excluding the palms and soles and are larger on the face and the scalp

29
Q

What does the epidermis prevent

A

the absorption of a very large majority of what comes in contact with the skin (including cosmetic ingredients)

30
Q

Secretion

A

Sebum is an oil created by the sebaceous glands

31
Q

What is Vitamin C needed for?

A

proper repair of the skin and various tissues

32
Q

what does vitamin c do for the skin

A

speeds up the healing process

33
Q

How much water makes up the human body

A

60 percent

34
Q

What determines how much water an individual needs

A

depends on body weight and the level of daily physical activity

35
Q

How much cups of water should women have a day

A

9 cups

36
Q

How much cups of water should men have a day

A

12 cups

37
Q
A
38
Q

How does the sun negatively impact our skin

A

impacts how our skin ages

39
Q

what does UVA energy

A

causes the skin to tan

40
Q

UVB energy

A

Contributes to the body’s synthesis of vitamin d

41
Q

When should you avoid the sun

A

between 10am and 3pm

42
Q

who is the most susceptible to sun damage

A

redheads and blue eyed blondes with pale skin

43
Q

what causes the contraction and the weakening of the blood vessels

A

inhaling nicotine and tobacco

44
Q

Telangiectasias

A

Heavy intake of alcohol can over dilate blood vessels and capillary walls

45
Q

What lesions is the nail tech concerned with

A

primary and secondary lesions only

46
Q

Bulla

A

A large blister containing a watery fluid

47
Q

Macule

A

A spot or discoloration on the skin such as a freckle. ( Macules are neither raised or sunken)

48
Q

Pustule

A

An inflamed pimple containing pus

49
Q

Keloid

A

A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue

50
Q

Hematoma

A

a collection of blood trapped underneath the nail

51
Q

Anhidrosis

A

A deficiency in perspiration often a result of fever or certain skin diseases

52
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

The most common type and the least severe cancer (light or pearly nodules)

53
Q

What is the margin between the nail enhancement application and the living skin

A

1/16’’

54
Q

what can the use of incorrect polymer powder with your monomer do

A

improper curing

55
Q

To avoid allergies what should you do when working with monomer liquids and polymer powders and UV’s

A

Never mix your own special product blends

56
Q

Why can cleansers, detergents, and hand sanitizers worsen the problem for contact dermatitis

A

strips away sebum and other natural skin chemicals

Nail Technology (4 decks)

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