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Nail Technology > Nail Product Chemistry Simplified > Flashcards

Nail Product Chemistry Simplified Flashcards

1
Q

What two things that you can see and touch are not a chemical?

A

light and electricity

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2
Q

What can be chemically converted into vitamin c?

A

petroleum oil

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3
Q

When are vapors formed?

A

When liquids evaporate in to the air

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4
Q

What are fumes a blend of ?

A

soot-like particles and vapors

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5
Q

Adhesion

A

A force of nature that makes two surfaces stick together.

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6
Q

When does adhesion take place?

A

When the molecules on one surface are attracted to the molecules on another surface

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7
Q

Nail primer

A

A substance that improves adhesion

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8
Q

Why is base coat an example of primer?

A

Because the base coat makes the nail polish adhere better

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9
Q

What are the three types of primers?

A

acid-based
nonacid based
acid-free

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10
Q

What is a corrosive?

A

A substance that can cause visible and possibly irreversible permanent skin or eye damage

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11
Q

What can acid based primers burn?

A

soft tissue and eyes

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12
Q

Use primer sparingly a thin coat should be applied

A

Use primer sparingly a thin coat should be applied

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13
Q

What do non-corrosive primers not contain?

A

methacrylic acid

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14
Q

What does scrubbing get rid of?

A

Bacteria and fungi that cause fingernail infections

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15
Q

What do nail dehydrators remove?

A

Traces of oil and moisture
(within 30 minutes the normal natural oils and moisture will return to the nail plate)

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16
Q

What grit should you use to remove surface shine?

A

240 grit

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17
Q

What is the nail professionals first duty?

A

keeping the nail plate thick, strong, and healthy

17
Q

What is the leading cause of nail enhancement service breakdown?

A

overfiling

18
Q

what can overfiling lead to?

A

lifting, breaking, free-edge chipping, and free edge product separation or curling

19
Q

How long will the nail plate be softened when soaked in any liquid including water or acetone?

A

60 minutes

20
Q

Nail enhancements are not designed to be taken off frequently (more than twice per year)

A

Nail enhancements are not designed to be taken off frequently (more than twice per year)

21
Q

polymerize

A

chemical reaction

22
Q

evaporation

A

physical reaction

23
Q

Polymers

A

gigantic chains of molecules. can be liquid but usually solid

24
Q

What is the reaction that makes polymers?

A

Polymerization

25
Q

Monomers

A

The individual molecules that join to make the polymer

26
Q

What does the initiator do?

A

triggers polymerization

27
Q

Catalyst

A

a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by making initiators work more efficiently

28
Q

What are oligomers an important ingredient in?

A

UV gels and is what gives gels there sticky consistency

28
Q

Oligomer

A

A short chain of monomers that has had the growth of its chain halted before it became a polymer

29
Q

How long would it take uv gels to harden without oligomers?

A

Two or three hours

30
Q

products with simple polymer chains are easily damaged by sharp impacts or heavy stresses

A

products with simple polymer chains are easily damaged by sharp impacts or heavy stresses

31
Q

cross linked nail enhancements take longer to remove in acetone than products that are not cross linked

A

cross linked nail enhancements take longer to remove in acetone than products that are not cross linked

32
Q

What are the three acrylics used to make all nail enhancements and glues

A

Methacrylates
Acrylates
Cyanoacrylates

33
Q

MMA is extremely difficult to remove and will not dissolve in product removers

A

MMA is extremely difficult to remove and will not dissolve in product removers

34
Q

What do UV stabilizers control?

A

control color stability and prevent sunlight from causing fading or discoloration

35
Q

What is the job of every nail professional?

A

to nurture the nail plate and surrounding skin

35
Q

What are all nail enhancements made from?

A

Organic Substances

36
Q

What did Paracelsus say?

A

“All substances are poisons there is none that is not a posion.”

37
Q

What does the overexposure principle say?

A

Overexposure determines toxicity

38
Q

What is the most effective way to help ensure safe working conditions?

A

local source capture ventilation system

Nail Technology (4 decks)

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