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Child devel. > Chapter 13 - social and emotional devel. middle > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - social and emotional devel. middle Flashcards

1
Q

for older children how is self esteem measured and what is the most widely used

A

questionnaire
-self-perception profile for children

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2
Q

the sppc evaluates self wirth in children what what 5 domaines

A

scholastic competnece
athletic competence
social acceptance
behavioural conduct
physical apeparance

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3
Q

why is a drop in self esteem common through elementary school

A

begin to compare themselves with others

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4
Q

younger childrens ratings of self esteem are often what across diferent domains

A

consistent

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5
Q

older childrens self esteem is often what across domains

A

differ
-develop multiple self esteems

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6
Q

aroudn the world children have higher self esteem when families hwat

A

live in harmony and parents nurture their children

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7
Q

children with high self esteem generally have parents who are what when it comes to rules

A

arent afraid to set them and are opern to discussing them with t heir children

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8
Q

inflated statements of praise and comments about the childs personal qualities can what

A

backfire
-migt respond positively intially but later when struggling with something can end up feeling worse

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9
Q

when is praise helpful and appropriate

A

well timed, genuine and does not link appreciation and admiration to childrens achievements

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10
Q

what are idiocentric people

A

people who tend to emphasize independence and personal eneds and goals over those of tohers

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11
Q

what are allocentric people

A

people who tend to emphasize interdependence, affiliation and cooperation with groups they belong to more than their own goals

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12
Q

idiocentric children ten to report less what compared to allocentric

A

social support

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13
Q

between idiocentric and allocentric children, which childs self esteem can be predicedt by level of social support they experience from their best friend

A

allocentric

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14
Q

in gifted classes what type of student will be more affected by social comparisons

A

who value top of the class status compared to those more intent on mastering challenging material

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15
Q

self esteem is greater in general when what

A

-students work hadr in school
-get along with peers
-avoid disciplinary problems
-particiapte in extracurricular activities

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16
Q

what are 4 risks for children with low self esteem

A

more likely to have problems with peers
-more prone to psychological disroders
-more likely to be involved in antisocial behavior
-more likely to do poorly in school
*many of these cases caused by low self esteem but these outcomes can also cause low self esteem

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17
Q

why are older children better at resolving conflict

A

perspective taking
-realize others see the world differently

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18
Q

what is the next step forward in middle childhood to perspective taking

A

seeing themselves as others do
-makes social interactions and resolving conflicts easier

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19
Q

what can significantly impair a childs abiltiy to take another persons perspective

A

maltreatment and abuse

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20
Q

in middle childhood what are the most common acitities with peers

A

just spending time together and talking

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21
Q

what 3 primary purposes were found in prosocial acitvites in children

A

-provide prosocial context to support childrens developmetn of relationshipd and sense of belonging
-focus on achievemnt as well as value and integrity of childs self
-opporutnities for learning and instruction

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22
Q

friendships among children fo different groups and afes are more commin in what schools

A

smaller classes

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23
Q

children with same and opposite sex friends tend to be hwat

A

very well adjusted and have good social skills

24
Q

children with only opposite sex friends tend to be

A

unpopular, less competent academically and socially, have lower self esteem

25
Q

children with good friends have higher what and are less likely to what and more likely to what

A

-self esteem
-lonely and depressed,
-more often act prosocially, cope better with life stresses

26
Q

popular children are better at what

A

initiating social interactions with other children
-more skillful at communicating and better at integrating themselves into an ongoing conversation or play session

27
Q

whose more likely to share, cooperate and help and less likely to start fights or break rules, popular or unpopular

A

popular

28
Q

rejected children tend to be what

A

socially unskilled
-agressive and attack peers without provocation
-demonstrate poor self-control and disruptive behaviour in school

29
Q

who is more likely to drop out of school, commit juvenile offences and sufer from psychopatholgy

A

rejected youngsters

30
Q

what has been the most values aspect of school experience for many children

A

peer relationships

31
Q

inconsistent discipline si associated with what in a child

A

antisocial and agressive behaviour
-paving way to rejection

32
Q

what is prejudice

A

negative view of others based on their membership in a specifc view

33
Q

prejudice is less pronounced in what aged children

A

older
-but does not vanish, remain biased positively toward their own group and engatively to others

34
Q

what are most promising types of interventions designed to reuce prejudice

A

reading about other cultures/people
cooperative learning activties
use of media to foster more positive attiutdes between people of different cultures and lifestlyes

35
Q

free the children are dedicated to what

A

protectin rights of children

36
Q

what is prosocial behaviour

A

actions that promote harmony in a scoail group

37
Q

what is altruism

A

procosial behavoiru that helps another with no direct benefit to the individual performint the behaviour

38
Q

what is empathy and children with this are more inclined to what compared to those who lack it

A

ability ot understand another persons emotions
-help others

39
Q

parents who model positive well-regulated emotional expression tend to have children ith what

A

higher empathy and socio-emotional competence

40
Q

what are 4 situations in which a child may act altruistically

A

-feel responsbile for person
-feel they have the necessary skills to help
-feel happy and successfull
-actions involve few or modest sacrifices

41
Q

what are 2 ways parents can influence prosocial behaviour

A

reasoning and modelling (children imitate behaviours)

42
Q

parents who report frequent feelings of warmth and concern for others tend to have children who

A

experience stronger feelings of empathy

43
Q

childrens behaviour also has a reciprocal influence on hwo what

A

others behave towards them

44
Q

helicopter parenting can result in what

A

having less empathy and prosocial interactins with others

45
Q

what is dispositional praise

A

linking the childs altruistic behaviour to un underlying altruisic characteristic of the person

46
Q

what is the most obvious way to foster sharing and other altruisic behavoiurs in children

A

rewarding them for acts of generosity
-prasie
-dispositional praise

47
Q

what is instrumental agression

A

child uses agression to achieve an explicit

48
Q

what is reactive agression

A

reacts agressively to another childs behaviour

49
Q

what is relational agression

A

hurting another person by damagin that persons social relationships
-verbal form of agression

50
Q

children who edmonstrate insecure parental attachment are more likely to exhibit what when comes to agression

A

mor severe levels of agression

51
Q

is agressivenes as a child indicator for adults

A

thye are more likely to act agressive as adults maybe

52
Q

with divorce in childrens scohol achivement who is msot affected and why

A

school age cjildren adn adolescents
-one parent is less accessible as a role model

53
Q

in divorce when childrens conduct who is most affected and why

A

children who are temperamentally emotinoal
-single-partn families experience economic hardship

54
Q

in divorse whos is most affect when it comes to pschological adjustment and why

A

children prone to interpret events neatively
-conflict between parents is distressing

55
Q

what is a latchkey child

A

oen who is often left at home alone

56
Q
A

Child devel. (13 decks)

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