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RDS Test 2 > B8-070 Drugs and Sexual Dysfunction > Flashcards

B8-070 Drugs and Sexual Dysfunction Flashcards

1
Q

how do antipsychotics affect female fertility?

A

D2 antagonists –> increase prolactin —> menstrual irregularity

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2
Q

how do estrogens/progestins cause anovulation?

A

impair LH/FSH surge

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3
Q

how do opioids affect female fertility?

A

decrease GnRH –> decrease LH –> menstrual irregularity

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4
Q

how do SSRIs affect female fertility?

A

decreased libido
anorgasmia

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5
Q

how do NSAIDs affect female fertility?

A

interfere with follicular rupture/ovulation

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6
Q

how do glucocorticoids affect female fertility?

A

interfere with LH, FSH

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7
Q

how do chemotherapy/radiation affect female fertility?

A

disrupt menstrual cycle due to
primary ovarian failure

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8
Q

how do anticonvulsants affect female fertility?

A

disrupt ovulation

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9
Q

how does spironolactone affect female fertility?

A

blocks 17a-hydroxylase –> decreased fertility

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10
Q

how do cannabinoids affect female fertility?

A

THC in the reproductive tract inhibits sperm mobility

may impact embryo transport/implantation

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11
Q

how does DES affect female fertility?

A

anomalies of the uterus/cervix
variable menstrual cycle

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12
Q

how does testosterone/anabolic steroids affect male fertility?

A

testicular atrophy
decreased sperm production

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13
Q

how do SSRIs affect male fertility?

A

ED
impaired ejaculation
sperm DNA fragmentation
decrease sperm motility

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14
Q

how does chemo/radiation affect male fertility?

A

decreased sperm production

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15
Q

how do Ca++ channel blockers affect male fertility?

A

decreased sperm motility
nefidipine blocks acrosome reaction

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16
Q

Ca++ channel blocker that affects the acrosome reaction

A

nefidipine

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17
Q

how do androgen antagonists affect male fertility?

A

decreased sperm production & semen volume

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18
Q

androgen antagonists are used to treat […] in men

A

prostate cancer

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19
Q

how does excess alcohol affect male fertility?

A

low T production, high T metabolism –> decreased sperm production

20
Q

how does tobacco affect male fertility?

A

decreased sperm production/motility

21
Q

how do cannabinoids affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm production/function
low T production
low sex drive

22
Q

how do opiates affect male fertility?

A

lowers LH –> low T –> decreased sperm production

23
Q

how do 5a-reductase inhibitors affect male fertility?

A

lowers DHT –> low semen volume/number of sperm

24
Q

how do a-blockers affect male fertility?

A

antegrade anejaculation
lower semen volume
decrease sperm production/motility

25
Q

a-blockers are used to treat […] in men

A

BPH

26
Q

how does ketoconazole affect male fertility?

A

inhibits 17a-hydroxylase –> decreased T –> decreased sperm production

27
Q

how do anticonvulsants affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm number/motility
abnormal morphology
decreased testicular volume

28
Q

how do antiretrovirals affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm number/motility
abnormal morphology
decreased ejaculate volume

29
Q

how do antipsychotics affect male fertility?

A

ED
D2 antaonists –> increase PRL

30
Q

how does sulfasalazine affect male fertility?

A

antifolate and anti-PG activity causes decreased sperm number/motility

31
Q

sulfasalazine is used to treat […]

A

crohns, RA

(anti inflammatory)

32
Q

how does cimetidine affect male fertility?

(H2 blocker)

A

decreased sperm number
may have anti-androgenic effects

33
Q

how does colchicine affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm number

34
Q

how do antibiotics affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm number

35
Q

how do anti-malarials affect male fertility?

A

decrease T production

36
Q

how does cocaine affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm number

37
Q

how do estrogens affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm number

38
Q

how do heavy metals affect male fertility?

A

decrease sperm number, motility, lifespan
Cr causes testicular atrophy

39
Q

how does DES affect male fertility?

A

testicular hypoplasia
decreased sperm number/motility
abnormal morphology

40
Q

alcohol greater than […]drinks/week contributes to male infertility

A

14

41
Q

NSAIDs can interfere with […] in females

A

ovulation (interfere with follicular rupture)

(no effect on male fertility)

42
Q

MOA: cause feedback inhibition of GnRH from the hypothalamus

A

estrogens

43
Q

negatively impact male fertility by causing ED, impaired ejaculation, and DNA fragmentation in sperm

A

SSRIs

44
Q

can cause antegrade, anejaculation or decreased ejaculate volume

A

a-blockers (-zosins)

45
Q

used to treat fungal infections and impairs steroidogenesis

A

ketoconazole

RDS Test 2 (21 decks)

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