module 5 - 13.6 organisation of the nervous system Flashcards
which 2 systems is the mammalian nervous system structurally organised into?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
what is the CNS?
- consists of brain and spinal cord
- has nerve tracts instead of nerves
what is the PNS?
- consists of nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord
- has sensory neurones that carry impulses from receptors to CNS and motor neurones that carry impulses from CNS to muscles and glands
what are ganglion?
a group of neurone cell bodies in the PNS
what is a nerve?
an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the PNS
what is the endonerium?
connective tissue that surrounds axons
what are fascicles?
the groups the axons are bundled together into
what is the perineurium?
the connective tissue that the fascicles are wrapped in
what is the epineurium?
the connective tissue that the entire nerve is wrapped in
where to blood vessels run?
inside the nerve
which 2 systems is the mammalian nervous system functionally (not structurally) organised into?
- somatic nervous system
- autonomic nervous system
what is the somatic nervous system?
- part of the peripheral nervous system
- associated with voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles
what is the autonomic nervous system?
- part of the peripheral nervous system
- controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscles and glands
- is involuntary
what 2 systems is the autonomic nervous system functionally divided into?
- sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight)
- parasympathetic nervous system (rest & digest)
what do sympathetic nerves release within the autonomic nervous system?
noradrenaline to mobilise body systems
