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biology > diffusion and osmosis > Flashcards

diffusion and osmosis Flashcards

1
Q

name the substance that causes change in mass of the plant tissue

A

water

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2
Q

explain the term diffusion

A

spreading out of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

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3
Q

explain the term osmosis

A

movement of water molecules across a semi permeable from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower concentration

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4
Q

describe in detail what happens to a plant cell that is placed in a solution with less dissolved solutes than its cytoplasm

A

water enters the cell, the cell becomes turgid

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5
Q

describe what would happen to an animal cell if it was exposed to a place in a solution with less dissolved solutes than its cytoplasm

A

burst

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6
Q

describe the biological basis and the advantage of having high salt or water concentration on food

A

water leaves the cell of micro-organisms present and they die which results in an extended shelf life

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7
Q

living cells can be classified into two major types based on the presence or absence of cell organelles. what are the names of these two major types of cells

A

-eukaryotic
-prokaryotic

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8
Q

how do turgid cells remain its shape

A

cell wall

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9
Q

outline how a scientist uses a coverslip

A

lowered at an angle

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10
Q

explain why a coverslip is used

A

to prevent cell from drying out

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11
Q

when prepping a sample of a cheek cells on a microscope slide, why did you apply methylene blue to the cells

A

to stain the cells to see clearer

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12
Q

when extracting DNA from plant tissue, why did you use washing up liquid

A

breakdown membrane

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13
Q

when extracting DNA from plant tissue, why did you use freezer cold ethanol

A

to make DNA insoluble

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14
Q

when using seeds to investigate the effect of IAA on plant tissue, why did you carry out a serial dilution of an IAA solution

A

to make solutions of different concentrations

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15
Q

when using seeds to investigate the effect of IAA on plant tissue, why did you place the seeds on a grid in petri dishes

A

to measure the growth

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16
Q

when carrying out an activity to investigate osmosis why did you use visking tubing

A

act as a selectively permeable membrane

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17
Q

when carrying out an activity to investigate osmosis how did you know osmosis had taken place

A

tubing got fuller

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18
Q

give a detailed explanation for - high sugar or high salt concentration are used in preservation of food

A

food decay by bacteria

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19
Q

what is the purpose of replicates in scientific experimentation

A

to verify result

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20
Q

what is meant by the term hypothesis

A

an untested explanation

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21
Q

when investigating the conditions necessary for seed germination, describe how you provided an oxygen free environment

A

boiled water which has been cooled

22
Q

when investigating the conditions necessary for seed germination, describe how you determined that germination had taken place

A

radicles observed

23
Q

how did you prepare the section of a dicotyledonous stem

A

cut a thin section

24
Q

when isolating DNA from plant tissue give a reason for adding salt to the chopped plant tissue

A

to clump DNA

25
Q

when isolating DNA from plant tissue why was the mixture contains the chopped plant tissue, salt and washing liquid kept at 60*C for a period of time

A

to denature DNA

26
Q

what do you understand by the term turgor in plant cells

A

pressure or cell contents against the cell wall

27
Q

how do plant cells remain turgid for a considerable period of time

A

by taking in as much water as they lose

28
Q

what happens to a plant if many of its cells turgidity

A

wilt

29
Q

explain the term selectively permeable

A

a selectively permeable membrane allows some but not all molecules to pass through

30
Q

suggest an advantage to the cell of having a selectively permeable membrane

A

substance can be kept in

31
Q

name two substances that enter a human muscle cell by osmosis

A

-oxygen
-water

32
Q

suggest a way in which turgor is of value to plants

A

support

33
Q

when demonstrating osmosis, for what purpose did you use Viking tubing, potato tissue or some similar material

A

light - vary lmap distance

34
Q

in the microscopic examination of a plant cell, name the stain that you used and the colour it imparted to the cell wall

A

iodine- yellow

35
Q

how did you apply the stain to the cells on the slide

A

dropper

36
Q

when investigating digestive activity during seed germination, how did you supply a substrate suitable for the digestive enzymes

A

milk agar

37
Q

when investigating digestive activity during seed germination, how did you ensure that no digestive enzymes were available on the control plate

A

boiled seeds

38
Q

explain the term homeostasis

A

maintenance of a constant internal environment

39
Q

explain the term active transport

A

movement of molecules using energy

40
Q

state one way in which the liver contributes to homeostasis

A

absorption of water

41
Q

state one way in which the lungs contributes to homeostasis

A

excretion of water

42
Q

state one way in which the nephrons of kidneys contributes to homeostasis

A

excretion of water

43
Q

describe the role of the skin in controlling body temperature

A

too hot - sweat
too cold - hair stands up

44
Q

state the precise location of the cell membrane in plant cells

A

inside the cell wall

45
Q

with what type of cell do you associate membrane bond organelles

A

eukaryotic

46
Q

what corresponding term is used to describe bacterial cells

A

prokaryotic

47
Q

why is diffusion known as passive transport

A

no energy

48
Q

osmosis may be described as a special case of diffusions, explain why

A

movement of water

49
Q

name the structure by which amoeba gets rid of excess water that has entered by osmosis

A

contractile vacuole

50
Q

give two locations in a cell at which there is a selectively permeable membrane

A

choloroplast, nucleus

51
Q

explain the biological basis for the used of high sugar or high salt concentration in the preservation of food

A

bacteria lose water by osmosis

biology (35 decks)

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