Enzymes - Parts of the Digestive system

Question 1

Physical digestion:

Answer 1

Food broken down physically by chewing and grinding in the mouth and churning in the stomach

Question 2

Chemical digestion:

Answer 2

Food broken down chemically by enzymes with the help of bile in the case of fats. Food is not broken down by hydrochloric acid

Question 3

function of the salivary gland?

Answer 3

-produces saliva
- lubricates the food
- contains salivary amylase which break down starch to maltose

Question 4

Function of the stomach:

Answer 4

• produces protease to break proteins into amino acids
• produces hydrochloric acid —> produces mucus to protect stomach walls from HCl

Question 5

Where is saliva produces and what does it contain

Answer 5

Salivary Glands
Contains salivary amylase

Question 6

What 3 substances are produces in the stomach?

Answer 6

• protease
• hydrochloric acid
• mucus

Question 7

Function of the Liver:

Answer 7

• produces bile
• bile emulsifies the lipids —> increase surface area for lipase enzyme to work on

Question 8

Function of Gall bladder:

Answer 8

• stores the bile
• releases bile into the small intestine (duodenum ) via the bile duct

Question 9

Function of the Pancreas:

Answer 9

• Produces 3 types of enzymes:
  - proteases
  - carbohydrases
  - lipases
• releases enzymes into small intestine (duodenum) close to where bile is released from the gall bladder

Question 10

Function of the small intestine:

Answer 10

• walls of folded into many villi to increase the surface area for nutrient absorption
• has rich blood supply, as it has many capillaries within each villus

Question 11

Function of the large intestine:

Answer 11

• contains indigestible fibre and water
• Area where water and salts are absorbed

Question 12

What is the ball of food called as it moves down the oesophagus?

Answer 12

Food Bolus

Question 13

How many layers of muscle does the walls of the digestive system have , and what are they?

Answer 13

2 layers of muscle:
- circular
- longitudinal

Question 14

What is the action that moves food through the oesophagus and the small intestine?

Answer 14

Systematic rhythmic contractions

Question 15

What are the waves of contractions called?

Answer 15

Peristalsis

Question 16

The definition of a digestion:

Answer 16

The breakdown of large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 17

The digestive system is a example of an ……… ………. In which ……..

Answer 17

Organ system
Several organs work together to digest and absorb food