E1 L1 - Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 1

Involuntary; even at rest nervous system at work

Question 2

Two main systems of autonomic

Answer 2

Sympathetic (fight or flight)
Parasympathetic (rest and digest)

Question 3

Regulation of ANS

Answer 3

of the activity of smooth and cardiac muscle, glands, lymphoid and some adipose tissues

Very essential for function

Question 4

Autonomic tone ANS

Answer 4

involuntary; means that these pathways are active to some degree at rest

Question 5

sympathetic and parasympathetic often but not always

Answer 5

Oppose each other

Question 6

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 6

Motor neuron; control skeletal muscles, mostly voluntary

Question 7

ANS is a ___ neuron path

Answer 7

2

Question 8

First Neuron (CNS)

Answer 8

Preganglionic Neuron
Located in CNs
Projects to the ‘autonomic ganglia”

Question 9

Second Neuron (Peripheral):

Answer 9

Postganglionic neuron
Located outside of CNS in the autonomic ganglia
Projects to target organ

Question 10

Ganglia definition

Answer 10

Group of cell bodies outside of CNS

Question 11

Primary transmitter of all preganglionic neurons

Answer 11

Acetylcholine

Question 12

Transmitter in all PSNS postganglionic neurons

Answer 12

Acetyl choline

Question 13

Transmitter in most SNS postganglionic neurons

Answer 13

Norepinephrine

Question 14

Also have…

Answer 14

ACh in sweat glands
Epinephrine in adrenal medulla
Dopamine in renal vasculature

Question 15

Parasympathetic Neurons Preganglionic

Answer 15

Long
Synapse with postganglionic neurons at or near organ
Release acetylcholine to activate nicotinic receptors on postganglionic neurons

Question 16

Parasympathetic Postganglionic neurons

Answer 16

Short
Synapse on the target organ
Release acetylcholine to activate muscarinic receptors on the target organ

Question 17

Sympathetic Preganglionic neurons:

Answer 17

Ganglia is close to spinal cord

Paravertebral sympathetic ganglion

Release acetylcholine to activate nicotinic receptors on postganglionic neurons

Question 18

Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons;

Answer 18

Long

Synapse on the target organ

Release norepinephrine to activate adrenergic receptors on target organs

SWEAT GLAND CONTROLLED BY SYMPATHETIC

Question 19

Parasympathetic Neurons and synapses have focus on

Answer 19

Medulla (cardiac and smooth muscle, gland cells ,nerve terminals)

Question 20

Sympathetic neurons and synapses have focus on

Answer 20

Spinal Cord
Sweat Glands
Cardiac and smooth muscle, gland cells, and nerve terminals
Renal Vascular Smooth muscle
Epi NE

Question 21

Exception: Adrenal Gland

Answer 21

Pregang do not synapse in paravertebral sympathetic ganglion
Pregang neurons synapse DIRECTLY ON adrenal gland, release ACH, activate nicotinic receptors ON adrenal gland
Adrenal glands release epinephrine into systemic circulation

Question 22

Exception: Kidneys

Answer 22

Affected by dopamine, (mainly synthesized locally, not ANS)

Question 23

Q: Most postganglionic sympathetic neurons release what neurotransmitter

Answer 23

Norepinephrine