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.pathology > Oral Pathology > Flashcards

Oral Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Cheiloschisis (harelip/ primary cleft palate)

A

Anomalies of the upper lip and premaxilla
Incomplete fusion of the frontonasal process with maxillary processes

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2
Q

Secondary problem subsequent to cheiloschisis

A

Inability to nourish/ latch onto mothers nipple → hand feeding

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3
Q

Palatoschisis (secondary cleft palate)

A

Failure of the frontonasal process and lateral palatine shelves from the maxillary processes

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4
Q

CS of palatoschisis

A

Difficulty suckling
Nasal regurgitation and aspiration pneumonia (food in nasal cavity)
Middle ear dysfunction

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5
Q

Brachygnathia superior/ mandibular prognathia

A

Shortness of maxillae
Interferes with prehension and mastication
Malposition of incisor and cheek teeth

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6
Q

Brachygnathia inferior

A

Shortness of mandible
Breed characteristics of long nose dogs

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7
Q

______________ is a common name for Brachygnathia inferior in horses

A

Parrot mouth

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8
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth (general term)

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9
Q

Cheilitis

A

Inflammation of the lips

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10
Q

Glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue

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11
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gums

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12
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the pharynx

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13
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Inflammation of the tonsils

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14
Q

Sialoadenitis

A

Inflammation of the salivary glands

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15
Q

Vesicular stomatitides

A

Vesicle formation in the mouth
Rule out autoimmune diseases in dogs and cats, calicivirus infection in cats and major viral diseases in large animals

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16
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid filled raised lesion 1 cm or less across

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17
Q

Bulla

A

Fluid filled raised lesion greater than 1 cm

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18
Q

Pathogenesis of vesicular stomatitides

A

Epithelial damage (viral) → intracellular edema (ballooning degeneration) → cell lysis → vesicle/ bulla → rupture → erosions/ ulcers → cellular infiltration → scab/ granulation tissue

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19
Q

Pemphigus

A

Mechanism for blister formation
Caused by IgG autoantibodies against desmogleins
Abs disrupt the adhesive function of the desmosomes and activate intercellular proteases

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20
Q

Foot and mouth disease

A

Picornavirus
Positive in ruminants and pigs

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21
Q

Vesicular stomatitis

A

Rhabdovirus
Positive in ruminants*, pigs and horses

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22
Q

Vesicular exanthema of swine

A

Calicivirus (vesivirus)
Positive in pigs

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23
Q

Swine vesicular disease

A

Enterovirus
Positive in pigs

24
Q

Erosion

A

Discontinuity of a body surface due to partial loss of surface epithelium

25
Q

Ulcer

A

Full-thickness epithelial loss revealing the underlying BM/ CT

26
Q

Pathogenesis of erosive and ulcerative stomatitides

A

Epithelial necrosis and inflammation without vesiculation
In squamous epithelium of mouth (may extend to esophagus and forestomachs)

27
Q

Diseases associated with erosive and ulcerative stomatitides (MRPIBBUF)

A

Malignant Catarrhal Fever (herpes)
Rinderpest (morbillivirus)
Peste des petits ruminants (morbillivirus)
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (herpes)
Bluetongue (mosquitos/ orbivirus)
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (pestivirus)
Foot & Mouth disease, feline calicivirus and felid herpresvirus 1
Uremia, foreign bodies, feline eosinophilic granuloma complex, NSAIDs, vitamin C

28
Q

Eosinophilic Stomatitides

A

Oral eosinophilic granuloma/ ulcer
Cats, rarely young dogs (husky)

29
Q

Effects of Eosinophilic Stomatitides

A

Upper lip, gums, palate, tongue, pharynx
Many eosinophils, flame figures, chronic inflamm cells
Immune-mediated

30
Q

Lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis

A

Idiopathic, immune mediated in cats
Bacteria or calicivirus (FCV) in FIV/ FeLV infected cats

31
Q

Chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (CUPS)

A

Ulcerative stomatitis and lymphocytic-plasmacytic stomatitis
Assoc. with dental plaque
Older dogs (leading to kissing lesions)

32
Q

Characteristics of oral growths

A

Common in dogs and cats
Discrete mas, ulcerated, dysphagia, ptyalism, halitosis, facial swelling

33
Q

Gingival hyperplasia

A

Simple overgrowth of gum tissue (benign)
Common in adult brachycephalic dogs
Diff: squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, epulis

34
Q

Epulis

A

Gingival growth (benign)
Neoplasia of the periodontal ligament

35
Q

One form of epulis, _____________, is considered locally invasive

A

Acanthomatous ameloblastoma
invades bone, destructive

36
Q

Papilloma

A

Papovavirus-induced benign tumor
Young dogs, calves and foals
May regress spontaneously

37
Q

Bovine Papillomavirus

A

Infects traumatized mucosal epithelial cells and induces epithelial cell proliferation

38
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Most common oral tumor in cats
Locally invasive nodular mass, ulcerated
Poor prognosis in cats or if tonsillar in dogs

39
Q

Malignant Melanoma

A

Most common malignant oral tumor in dogs
Risk factors: small breeds, oral pigmentation
Poor prognosis

40
Q

Pseudoanodontia

A

Failure to erupt (lhasa apso and shih tzu dog)

41
Q

Polydontia

A

Excessive teeth (brachycephalic dog’s incisors)

42
Q

Pseudopolydontia

A

Retention of deciduous teeth after eruption of permanent dentition

43
Q

Heterotopic polydontia

A

Extra tooth or teeth outside the dental arcades (ear tooth of horse)- guttural pouch

44
Q

Enamel hypoplasia

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta
Caused by tetracyclines and viral infections (distemper and bovine viral diarrhea disease)

45
Q

Tetracyclines (in utero) causing enamel hypoplasia

A

High dose treatment of pregnant dams
Yellow to brown discoloration of teeth
Bright yellow fluorescence
Toxic to ameloblasts

46
Q

Dental attrition

A

Age associated dental wear
Loss of tooth structure caused by mastication
Improper mastication of feedstuffs and malnutrition

47
Q

Lesions caused by dental attrition

A

“step mouth” or “broken mouth”
Dental infection and fracture

48
Q

What causes sialoadenitis?

A

Trauma/ hematogenous or excretory duct
Rabies, K9 distemper
lymphocytes surrounding glands

49
Q

Ptyalism

A

↑ secretion of saliva
Pseudorabies caused by herpesvirus (trans from pigs to dogs)

50
Q

Salivary foreign bodies

A

Caused by plant awns/ fiber
Inflammation or infection of the parotid duct
Salivary caliculi (sialoliths, horses, obstruction)

51
Q

Salivary Mucocele/ Siaocele

A

An accumulation of salivary secretion
Single or multiloculated cavities
Not lined by secretory epithelium (psuedocyst)
In soft tissues of the mouth or neck
Trauma to the duct

52
Q

Ranula

A

Sublingual Sialocele
Smooth, rounded, fluctuant cystic distension of the duct in the floor of the mouth
Filled with serous fluid/ thick mucous

53
Q

What causes ranula?

A

Congenital atresia
Foreign boidies
Calculi
Strictures caused by inflammation

54
Q

CS of ranula

A

Salivary duct dilation
Stagnation of flow/ obstruction

55
Q

Neoplasms of the salivary glands

A

Rare in all species
Parotid and mandibular common
Malignant and epithelial origin (adenocarcinoma)

.pathology (20 decks)

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