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.pathology > Bacterial and Viral Dz of CNS > Flashcards

Bacterial and Viral Dz of CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Pachymeningitis

A

Inflamm. of the dura

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2
Q

Leptomeningitis

A

Inflamm. of the pia-arachnoid

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3
Q

Choroiditis

A

Inflamm. of the choroid

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4
Q

Encephalitis

A

Inflamm. of the paranchyma of the brain

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5
Q

Myelitis

A

Inflamm. of the SC

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6
Q

Encephalomyelitis

A

Inflamm. of the brain and SC

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7
Q

Polioencephalitis

A

Inflamm. of the gray matter

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8
Q

Leukoencephalitis

A

Inflamm. of the white matter

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9
Q

Routes of entry for bacterial Dz

A

Direct extension (penetrating wounds- skull fractures, paranasal sinuses, inner ear, improper dehorning)
Hematogenous

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10
Q

Histophilosis/ Thrombotic meningoencephalitis (TME)

A

Acute zoonotic infectious dz from H. somni
Recently weaned calves and feedlot calves ↑ risk
Affinity for heart and lungs

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11
Q

Gross characteristics of TME

A

Hemorrhagic infarcts
Fibrinopurulent meningitis
Generalized septicemia and thrombosis

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12
Q

Listeriosis

A

Circling dz from L. monocytogenes
From consuming spoiled silage or hay

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13
Q

Route of L. monocytogenes

A

Oral mucosa from wounds and invade and migrate along trigeminal n.

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14
Q

Manifestations of listeriosis

A

Encephalitis (brains stem in adult ruminants)
Septicemia with visceral abscesses/ necrosis (young rums)
Abortion and prenatal infection

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15
Q

Microscopic lesions for listeriosis

A

Collections of mononuclear cells +/- neutros close to BVs
Microabscesses

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16
Q

Where is listeriosis most severe?

A

Medulla and pons of the brainstem

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17
Q

Type D enterotoxemia

A

C. perfringes type D
Lambs, goats and calves
Epsilon toxin → endothelial damage → vasogenic edema

18
Q

Manifestations of type D enterotoxemia

A

Focal symmetrical encephalomalacia in sheep
Acute neuro signs → then found dead

19
Q

How does Type D enterotoxemia affect the kidneys?

A

Pulpy kidney dz and Overeating dz
Glycemia/ glycosuria
Watery diarrhea

20
Q

Edema dz

A

E. coli Shiga toxin 2e (verotoxin)
Stx2e targets endothelial cells → vasc. necrosis → edema

21
Q

What’s most affected by edema dz

A

Rapidly growing nursery pigs
Brain, stomach, mesocolon, larynx, SQ tissue for forehead and eyelids

22
Q

CS of edema dz

A

Peracute death with no signs
Neuro signs and visible edema

23
Q

Streptococcosis

A

Common cause of meningitis (zoonotic)
S. suis (common in URT) in post weaning piglets from stress, poor ventilation and overcrowding

24
Q

Manifestations of Streptococcosis

A

Meningitis, septicemia, polyserositis, endocarditis

25
Q

Cranial abscess syndrome

A

Secondary to antler trauma (deer)
Secondary to improper dehorning (cattle)
Trueperella pyogenes

26
Q

Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

3 alphaviruses: Eastern, western and Venezuelan
Mosquitos biological vectors
Togaviridae family

27
Q

Microscopic lesions of Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

Polioencephalomyelitis: perivasuclar cuffing- lymphos, neutros and macros
Neutros in early EEE and VEE
Neuronal degeneration

28
Q

West Nile virus

A

Flavivirus from mosquito
Polioencephalomyelitis (lymphos) in birds, humans and horses

29
Q

K9 Distemper

A

Morbilivirus (paramyxoviridae)
Demyelination of brain (cerebellum) and SC

30
Q

Rabies

A

Racoon, skunks, foxes and bats
Trans: bite wounds/ saliva → mm

31
Q

Microscopic lesions of rabies

A

Nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis with ganglioneuritis and parotid adentitis
Perivascular cuffing, focal gliosis and neuronal degeneration

32
Q

Most prominent feature of rabies

A

Intracytoplasmic IBs (negri bodies) found:
Hippocampus (dogs and cats)
Purkinje cells (ruminants)
Brainstem and SC (horses)
Widespread brain (wild animals)

33
Q

Pestiviruses

A

Classical swine fever (hog cholera)
Bovine viral diarrhea
Feline panleukopenia
Border dz (Hairy shaker)

34
Q

Common features of pestiviruses

A

Cerebellar hyoplasia, microcephaly (small cerebrum), hydranencephaly, hydrocephaly and porencephaly

35
Q

Herpesviruses

A

Malignant Catarrhal Fever
Bovine Meningoencephalomyelitis
Pseudorabies
Equine Herpesviral Myeloencephalopathy

36
Q

Malignant Catarrhal Fever

A

Highly fatal in ruminants
Targets vasculature, lymphoid organs and epithelial cells
Ovine herpes 2 and alcephine herpes 1

37
Q

Lesion of MCF

A

Nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis and vasculitis
Perivascular cuffing (lympho) in white matter

38
Q

Bovine Meningoencephalomyelitis

A

BHV1 or 5 (more neurovirulent and necrotizing)
Multifocal nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis

39
Q

Equine Herpesviral Myeloencephalopathy

A

EHV1 or sometimes 4, affinity for endothelial cells
Multifocal hemorrhage, edema, vasculitis, vasocentric malacia in gray and white matter of brainstem and SC

40
Q

Pseudorabies

A

Suid HV1
Swine natural host and reservoir- inapparent dz or mild resp. dz usually
Suckling/ young: fatal encephalomyelitis (Mad itch)
Pregnant sows: abort, stillborn or mummified

41
Q

Pseudorabies transmission

A

Nuzzling snout
Consumption/ biting meat → intense puritis, paralysis and death, encephalitis in humans

.pathology (20 decks)

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