Morphology Flashcards
Morhpology
- Morphemes
- Morphological over-generalisation
- Word formation processes/morphological patterning
- Morphological patterning
Morphemes
Free
Bound
Affixation
Free morpheme
Can stand alone, words in their own right (eg. ‘banana’).
Bound morpheme
Cannot stand independently, must be attached to free morpheme (eg. ‘s’, affixes such as ‘ly’, ‘im’, ‘dis’).
- Inflectional + derivational
Inflectional morpheme
Don’t change meaning/word class, provide extra grammatical information instead (eg. plurality, possession, tense).
Derivational morpheme
Change meaning of words, create new words, change word class.
Affixation (3 types)
- Prefix - start of word (eg. ‘un’ added = unhelpful).
- Infix - middle of word (eg. ‘bloody’ added = abso-bloody-lutely)
- Suffix - end of word (eg. ‘ly’ added = beautifully).
Word formation processes/morphological patterning
- Shortening
- Compounding
- Blends
- Conversion
- Initialism
- Acronym
- Contraction
Shortening
Dropping endings/beginnings to create a shorter form (eg. refrigerator to fridge).
Compounding
Creating new words by putting 2 free morphemes together (eg. blueberry, facebook).
Blends
Using parts of 2 words to create a new one (eg. brother + romance = bromance).
Conversion
Converting words from one word class to another without adding suffixes (eg. ‘email’- originally a noun is now a verb + takes verb suffixes).
Initialism
Made up of the beginning letters of words but pronounced as a series of letters (eg. RSPCA, RSVP).
Acronym
Made up of the beginning letters of words to create a new word (eg. ANZAC, SCUBA).
