2.a Epidemiological Transition Model

Question 1

epidemiological transition

Answer 1

the change in the incidence, distribution and control of diseases both temporally and spatially

Question 2

ETM - stage 1

Answer 2

• rainforest tribes
• very few entire countries in this stage
• life expectancy is very low
• people highly susceptible to t infectious disease
• poor sanitation, contaminated drinking water
• main cause of death - CD and infectious

Question 3

ETM - stage 2

Answer 3

• pre industrial societies
• mortality high but fluctuates year by year
• basci sanitation education and healthcare present
• LIDCS - international aid is v important here
• people highly susceptible to t infectious disease
• poor sanitation, contaminated drinking water
• main cause of death - CD and infectious
• life exp. beyond 50 years

Question 4

ETM - stage 3

Answer 4

• life exp - 60-70
• diet and hygiene advancing
• INDIA - EDC
• living standard are improving ad epidemic causing LS mortality as increase rate
• there are still ID but mainly NDC becoming more common
• man made diesases associationer with environment change and degradation becomes more common due to countries heavily industrialisation and lack of medical care
• healthcare, sanitation and healthcare are all good enough to mostly prevent IDs

Question 5

ETM - stage 4

Answer 5

• further improvement in medical care and tech, hygiene and living standards
• medical advances in these dev countries - means they can delay the inset degenerative diseases
• diabetes and obesity becoming most sig. health factor but can largely be managed with medical advance
• mortality from ID are rare
• degenerative displaces becoming more the main cause of death
• life exp. raise above 70-80
• e.g JAPAN - Acs