Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Six levels of organization in the body

Answer 1

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 2

Organ systems

Answer 2

Integumentary, skeletal, urinary, endocrine, respiratory, circulatory, reproductive, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, digestive, lymphatic

Question 3

What two things need to happen in metabolism

Answer 3

Anabolism (building up) catabolism (breaking down)

Question 4

4 basic needs for life

Answer 4

Water, nutrients, narrow range of temperatures, narrow range of atmospheric pressure

Question 5

Homeostasis

Answer 5

Maintenace of a steady/ normal state (physiological equilibrium)

Question 6

Homeorhesis

Answer 6

Coordinated control in metabolism of body tissues necessary to support a physiological state

Question 7

What does the dorsal cavity include

Answer 7

The cranial and spine cavities

Question 8

What does the ventral cavity include

Answer 8

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Question 9

4 abdominal quadrants

Answer 9

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Question 10

9 abdominal regions

Answer 10

R and L hypochondriac, epigastric, R and L lumbar, umbilical, R and L iliac, hypogastric

Question 11

Pleural cavity

Answer 11

Surrounds the lungs

Question 12

Pericardium

Answer 12

Surrounds the heart

Question 13

Peritoneum

Answer 13

Surrounds organs in abdominal cavity

Question 14

Sagittal plane

Answer 14

Divides the left and right side of the body

Question 15

Frontal plane

Answer 15

Divides the front and back of the body

Question 16

Transverse plane

Answer 16

Divides the upper and lower sections of the body

Question 17

Radioactive isotopes

Answer 17

Decay causing radiation, half life, emit alpha, beta, gamma particles, 3H 14C

Question 18

Stable isotopes

Answer 18

Can use to track metabolism, don’t decay, detected by mass spectrometry 2H 13C

Question 19

Key inorganics

Answer 19

Water, salts, acids and bases

Question 20

Acid property

Answer 20

Donate H+ in solution

Question 21

Base property

Answer 21

Donate OH- in solution

Question 22

pH scale

Answer 22

Lower- more acidic, higher more basic acidosis (low) vs alkalosis(high)

Question 23

What is generated from breaking glucose down

Answer 23

Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Question 24

Ground substance

Answer 24

Gel like substance in the extracellular space that contains all components of the extracellular matrix- secreted by fibroblasts

Question 25

What does ground substance do

Answer 25

Provides communication and transport by diffusion- mainly made of water

Question 26

Fats vs oils

Answer 26

Oils liquid at room temp- fats solid at room temp

Question 27

Purines

Answer 27

Adenine and guanine

Question 28

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 28

Describes the plasma membrane as a mosaic of components

Question 29

Glycocalyx

Answer 29

Gel like meshwork that surrounds the cell preventing objects from entering the cell