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508 > Principles Of PNF > Flashcards

Principles Of PNF Flashcards

1
Q

What are ways to provide continuous sensory input?

A

-manual contacts (assist, resist, block, and/or guide motion)
-verbal guidance (cue, coach or enforce)
-visual feedback

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2
Q

What does PNF stand for?

A

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

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3
Q

What are general purposes of PNF?

A

-to decrease abnormal muscle tone
-to promote optimal, coordinated movement
-to increase strength and endurance
-to stretch tight muscles

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4
Q

What are the muscle groups in the muscular system?

A

Agonist, antagonist, supports, fixators

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5
Q

Agonist purpose/function

A

Produce movement

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6
Q

Antagonist purpose/function

A

Relax to allow movement

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7
Q

Muscle supports purpose/function

A

Stabilize trunk and proximal extremities

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8
Q

Muscle fixators purpose/function

A

Hold bones steady

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9
Q

Goal of PNF

A

Strengthen gross motor patterns instead of specific muscle actions

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10
Q

Purpose of facilitation during PNF

A

Increase action potential of motor neurons

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11
Q

Purpose of inhibition during PNF

A

Creates a decrease in excitability of motor neurons (spasticity or tightness of muscles)

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12
Q

Shoulder flexion and extension D1

A

Flexion, ADD, ER

Extension, ABD, IR

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13
Q

Scapula flexion and extension D1

A

Flexion: elevation, ABD, upward rotation

Extension: depression, ADD, downward rotation

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14
Q

Elbow flexion and extension D1 and D2

A

Flex or extension (for both flex/ext)

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15
Q

Forearm flexion and extension D1 and D2

A

Flexion: supination

Extension: pronation

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16
Q

Wrist flexion and extension D1

A

Flexion, radial deviation

Extension, ulnar deviation

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17
Q

Hand flexion and extension D1

A

Flexion, ADD

Extension, ABD

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18
Q

Shoulder flexion and extension D2

A

Flexion, ABD, ER

Extension ADD, IR

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19
Q

Scapula flexion and extension D2

A

Flexion: elevation, ABD, upward rotation

Extension: depression, ADD, downward rotation

20
Q

Wrist flexion and extension D2

A

Flexion: extension, radial deviation

Extension: flexion, ulnar deviation

21
Q

Hand flexion and extension D2

A

Flexion: extension, ABD

Extension: flexion, ADD

22
Q

Hip flexion and extension D1

A

Flexion, ADD, ER

Extension, ABD, IR

23
Q

Knee flexion and extension D1 and D2

A

Flexion

Extension

24
Q

Ankle flexion and extension D1

A

Flexion: DF, INV

Extension: PF, EV

25
Q

Toes flexion and extension D1 and D2

A

Flexion: extension

Extension: flexion

26
Q

Hip flexion and extension D2

A

Flexion, ABD, IR

Extension, ADD, ER

27
Q

Ankle flexion and extension D2

A

Flexion: DF, EV

Extension: PF, INV

28
Q

What are the 3 PNF stretching/relaxation techniques

A

Hold-relax (HR)
Contract-relax (CR)
Hold-relax-antagonist-contract

29
Q

Purpose of PNF stretching techniques

A

-increase flexibility and ROM
-used for muscular tension/tightness

30
Q

Purpose of muscular activation PNF techniques

A

Non-optimal motor control, strength, endurance, coordination

31
Q

Steps for Hold-Relax (HR)

A

-move until resistance is felt
-isometric hold for 5-10 sec
-passively move to increase range
-repeat 3-4x or as needed

32
Q

What type of muscle is primarily involved for Hold-Relax? What type of inhibition?

A

Agonist, autogenic inhibition

33
Q

What type of muscle is primarily involved for Contract-Relax ? What type of inhibition?

A

Antagonist, reciprocal inhibition

34
Q

Steps for Contract-Relax (CR)

A

-PT moves body part to limitation
-Resistance applied to activate antagonist for 5-10 sec
-PT moves body part to new range passively
-repeat if or when needed

35
Q

Steps of Hold-Relax-Antagonist-Contract

A

-PT moves body part to limitation
-resistance applied to activate agonist, isometric hold for 5-10 sec
-concentric contraction of antagonist
-hold new range for 10-15 sec
-repeat several times

36
Q

What are the PNF strengthening techniques?

A

Rhythmic initiation
Repeated contraction
Slow reversal
Slow reversal hold
Rhythmic stabilization

37
Q

When is Rhythmic Initiation used?

A

-For pts that are unable to initiate movement and who have limited ROM b/c of increase in tone
-teach movement pattern

38
Q

What is the order of ROM for Rhythmic Initiation? Muscles focused on?

A

PROM -> AAROM -> AROM w/o resistance
Agonist movers

39
Q

Example of Rhythmic Initiation

A

Scapular patterns flexion/extension
-pt SLying, PT moves scapula between anterior shoulder and inferior angle
-PROM 4-6x, AAROM 4-6x, AROM 4-6x

40
Q

What is Repeated Contraction used? What type of muscle does it focus on?

A

-for pts w/ weakness at specific point in pattern or throughout the entire pattern (ROM)
-agonist movers

41
Q

What occurs during Repeated Contraction?

A

Repeated, dynamic contractions of agonist concentrically against max resistance until fatigue

42
Q

What is Slow Reversal used for? What type(s) of muscles are focused on?

A

-useful in development of AROM and normal reciprocal timing of agonist and antagonist muscles
-reversal of agonists

43
Q

What occurs during Slow Reversal?

A

Isotonic contraction on agonist followed by isotonic contraction of antagonist muscle

44
Q

What occurs during Slow Reversal Hold?

A

Isotonic contraction of agonist followed by isometric contraction w/ command of “hold” at the end of active range

45
Q

What is Slow Reversal Hold used for? What type(s) of muscle(s) focused on?

A

-useful for developing strength at a specific point in AROM
-reversal of agonists

46
Q

What is Rhythmic Stabilization used for? What type of muscle focused on?

A

-promote stability through co-contraction of proximal muscle stabilization of trunk, pelvic girdle, or shoulder
-reversal of agonists

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