Joints & Joint Features

Question 1

Joints are formed where?

Answer 1

2 or more separate bones connect

Question 2

Joints are designed for?

Answer 2

Movement

Question 3

Amount of movement depends on?

Answer 3

Type of joint

Question 4

Fibrous

Answer 4

-Joint is connected by fibrous tissue
-Degree of movement at a given joint is determined by the amount of fibrous tissue between the two joint surfaces

Question 5

Sutures

Answer 5

-Only Occur in the skull
-Limited Movement

Question 6

Syndesmosis

Answer 6

Bones are connected by a sheet of fibrous tissue

Question 7

Cartilaginous

Answer 7

Joint is connected by cartilage or a combination of cartilage and fibrous tissue

Question 8

Synovial

Answer 8

Most common joint type

Question 9

3 Features of Synovial Joints

Answer 9

1. Joint Cavity
2. Articular Cartilage
3. Joint Capsule

Question 10

Joint Cavity

Answer 10

Space between the 2 joint surfaces

Question 11

Articular Cartilage

Answer 11

• Shiny, whitish connective tissue
  -Protects underlying bone
  -Designed to absorb shock, allow movement, and to last
  -usually hyaline cartilage

Question 12

Joint Capsule

Answer 12

-Surrounds and lines the joint
-Does not cover the articular cartilage
-Makes the synovial fluid contained within the joints
-friction between the 2 joint surfaces is minimized by lubrication from the synovial fluid and by the articular cartilage

Question 13

Condyloid

Answer 13

-Biaxial
-Flexion/extension and abduction/adduction

Question 14

Saddle

Answer 14

-Biaxial
-Opposing surfaces are shaped like saddles
-Concave and convex articulate with eachother

Question 15

Ball and Socket

Answer 15

-Multiaxial
-Spheroidal surface articulates with socket of other surface

Question 16

Plane

Answer 16

-Gliding or sliding movements
-Joint surfaces are flat or almost flat
-Most are uniaxial

Question 17

Pivot

Answer 17

-Uniaxial
-Rotation
-Rounded process rotates within a sleeve or ring

Question 18

Hinge

Answer 18

-Uniaxial
-Flexion and extension only

Question 19

Bursa

Answer 19

Sacs filled with synovial fluid that decrease the friction generated by the motion of one tissue over another

Question 20

Where is bursa located between?

Answer 20

-Tendons and bony prominences
-Tendons and other tendons
-Bone and overlying skin

Question 21

Ligaments

Answer 21

-Connect bone to bone
-Prevent excessive movement in a specified direction

Question 22

Is movement at a joint normal?

Answer 22

Movement at a joint is normal - but excessive movement at a joint is potentially dangerous/can cause injury

Question 23

Close-Packed Position

Answer 23

-Ligaments and joint capsule are tight
-Joint has maximal articular surface contact
-Increase in stability - decrease in mobility

Question 24

Loose-Packed Position

Answer 24

The ligaments and joint capsule are loose
-Joint has maximal space and available movement
-Increase in mobility - decrease in stability