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Anatomy > Anatomy Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Anatomy Quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Rotator Cuff

A

-Supraspinatus
-Infraspinatus
-Teres Minor
-Subscappularis
-Deltoids
-Teres Major

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2
Q

Deltoid (Attachments)

A

-Anterior, Middle, Posterior Heads
-Medial Attachment (Anterior): Anterior Lateral 1/3rd of the Clavicle
-Medial Attachment (Middle): Lateral Acromion
-Medial: attachment (Posterior): Spine of the scapula
-Lateral Attachment: Deltoid Tuberosity

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3
Q

Deltoid (Action)

A

-Action (all): G-H Abduction
-Action (Anterior Head): G-H Medial Rotation, Flexion, Horizontal Adduction
-Action (Posterior Head): G-H Lateral Rotation, Extension, Horizontal Abduction

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4
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis

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5
Q

What is the function of the rotator cuff muscles?

A

Support/Stabilize the G-H Joint and Help to control it’s movements

*Head of humerus ca be separated from the Glenoid Fossa by 2.5cm when the muscles are cut - this means the non-contractile elements (capsule, ligaments, etc.) don’t stabilize the joint, the muscles do

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6
Q

Head of humerus ca be separated from the ___________________ by _______ when the muscles are cut

A

Glenoid Fossa, 2.5cm

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7
Q

Do Non-contractile elements (capsule, ligaments, etc.) stabilize the joint?

A

Non-contractile elements (capsule, ligaments, etc.) don’t stabilize the joint, the muscles do

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8
Q

Supraspinatus (Attachments)

A

-Medial Attachment: Supraspinous Fossa
-Lateral Attachment: Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus (also the G-H joint capsule)

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9
Q

Supraspinatus (Action)

A

-Action: Abduction/Scaption
-Action: Stabilizes the G-H joint by ‘tucking’ the head of the humerus up into the Glenoid Fossa

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10
Q

Infraspinatus (Attachment)

A

-Medial Attachment: Infraspinous Fossa
-Lateral Attachment: Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus (also the G-H joint capsule)

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11
Q

Infraspinatus (Action)

A

-Action: G-H External Rotation

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12
Q

Teres Minor (Attachments)

A

-Medial Attachment: Lateral middle border of the scapula (between triceps and teres major)
-Lateral Attachment: Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus (also the G-H joint capsule)

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13
Q

Teres Minor (Action)

A

-Action: G-H External Rotation

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14
Q

Subscapularis (Attachments)

A

-Medial Attachment: Subscapular Fossa
-Lateral Attachment: Lesser tubercle of the humerus (also the G-H joint capsule)

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15
Q

Subscapularis (Action)

A

-Action: G-H internal rotation

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16
Q

Teres Major is part of the rotator cuff muscles?

A

Teres Major is NOT one of the rotator cuff muscles

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17
Q

Teres Major (Attachments)

A

-Medial Attachment: Posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
-Lateral Attachment: Medial lip of the Bicipital Groove

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18
Q

Teres Major (Action)

A

-Action: G-H Internal Rotation
-Action: G-H Extension
-Action: G-H Adduction

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19
Q

Radius

A

-Lateral bone in forearm
-Has slight bowing and thickens as you travel distally
-Latin: Resembles spoke of a wheel

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20
Q

Radius Landmarks

A

-Head
-Neck
-Radial Tuberosity
-Interosseous Border
-Styloid Process
-Dorsal Tubercle (a.k.a. Lister’s Tubercle)
-Ulnar notch (of the radius)

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21
Q

Ulnar notch is on the _______________.

A

Radius

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22
Q

Radial notch is on the ________________.

A

Ulna

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23
Q

Ulna

A

-Medial bone in the forearm
-Latin: elbow

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24
Q

Ulna Landmarks

A

-Olecranon
-Trochlear Notch
-Coronoid Process
-Radial Notch
-Ulnar Tuberosity
-Interosseous Border
-Styloid Process
-Head
-Supinator Crest

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25
Q

Elbow Joint Articulation (Humeroulnar) (articulation)

A

-Anteriorly, trochlea of humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna
-Posteriorly, olecranon articulates with the olecranon fossa (in full extension)

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26
Q

Elbow Joint Articulation (Humeroradial)

A

-Capitulum, articulates with the head of the radius (the superior surface of the head of the radius is slightly cup shaped - called the fovea)

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27
Q

Elbow Joint Articulation Humeroulnar & Humeroradial (Joint/Action)

A

-Hinge
-Synovial
-Very Stable
-Flexion & Extension

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28
Q

Collateral Ligaments

A

-Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament
-Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligaments

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29
Q

Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament (attachment)

A

Lateral Epicondyle <-> Annular Ligament of the Radius

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30
Q

Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligaments (attachments)

A

Medial Epicondyle <-> Coronoid Process, Olecranon Process

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31
Q

Between the olecranon and the overlying skin is _________________.

A

Olecranon Bursa

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32
Q

Proximal Radioulnar Joint (articulation,joint type, action)

A

-Head of radius articulates with radial notch of ulna
-Synovial
-Pivot
-Allows for movement of head of the radius against the ulna (head rotates within the ring formed by annular ligament)
-Pronation/Supination

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33
Q

Pronation & Supination

A

Used to describe rotational motions of the forearm - Mainly radius that moves

34
Q

Pronation

A

Palms faces down

35
Q

Supination

A

Palms faces up

36
Q

Annular Ligament

A

U-Shaped ligament runs from anterior surface of radial notch around head of radius to posterior surface of radial notch - holds head of radius in place

37
Q

Preschool kids can get ________________ from forceful traction of the ______________ forearm

A

‘slipped elbow’, pronated

38
Q

Distal Radioulnar joint (articulation,joint type,action)

A

-Head of ulna articulates with ulnar notch of the radius
-Pivot
-Synovial
-Allows for movement of radius around a relatively fixed ulna
-Pronation/Supination
-Articular disk binds distal radius and ulna together
*Ulna does NOT directly articulate with carpal bones
*Between radius & ulna is interosseous membrane helps to stabilize the 2 bones and proximal/distal radioulnar joints

39
Q

Palmar and Dorsal Radioulnar Ligaments Attachments

A

Distal Ulna <-> Distal radius

40
Q

Coracobrachialis (Attachments)

A

Superior/Proximal Attachment: Coracoid Process
Inferior/Distal Attachment: Middle, medial humerus

41
Q

Coracobrachialis (Action)

A

-G-H Adduction
-G-H Flexion (Weak)

42
Q

Biceps Brachii (Biceps = 2 heads, Brachii = Arm) (Attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment (Long Head): Supraglenoid tubercle
-Superior/Proximal Attachment (Short Head): Coracoid Process
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Radial Tuberosity (when forearm is pronated, biceps wrap more than 1/2 way around radius), bicipital aponeurosis (fascia that runs from biceps tendon across the cubital fossa and merges with deep fascia of the anterior forearm) (flexors on the medial side)

43
Q

Biceps Brachii (Biceps = 2 heads, Brachii = Arm) (Action)

A

-G-H flexion
-Elbow flexion - Prime mover in supination (weak when the forearm is pronated
-Forearm Supination (proximal & distal radioulnar joints)

44
Q

Brachialis (Attachment)

A

Superior/Proximal Attachment: Anterior distal 1/2 of the humerus
Inferior/Distal Attachment: Ulnar tuberosity, coronoid process

45
Q

Brachialis (Action)

A

elbow flexion (prime mover in pronation)

46
Q

Triceps Brachii (Triceps = 3 Heads, Brachii = Arm) (Attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment (Long Head): Infraglenoid Tubricle
-Superior/Proximal Attachment (Lateral Head): Posterior Proximal Humerus (superior to the radial groove)
-Superior/Proximal Attachment (Medial Head): Posterior Distal Humerus (inferior to the radial groove)
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Olecranon Process

47
Q

Triceps Brachii (Triceps = 3 Heads, Brachii = Arm) (Action)

A

-Action (long head): G-H extension
-Action (all heads): elbow extension

48
Q

Anconeus (Attachment)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Lateral Epicondyle
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Olecranon Process

49
Q

_____________ is technically part of the forearm but is functionally related to triceps.

A

Anconeus

50
Q

Anconeus (Action)

A

Elbow Extension (assists triceps)

51
Q

How many bones are in the hand?

A

-Carpal Bones (8)
-Metacarpals (5)
-Phalanges (14)
-Total 27 bones - compared to foot which has 26

52
Q

Carpal Bones

A

8 Carpal Bones (2 rows of 4 bones each)
*NOTE to remember bones: Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Candle
-Scaphoid
-Lunate
-Truquetrum
-Pisiform
-Trapezium
-Trapezoid
-Capitate
-Hamate

53
Q

Carpal Bones Proximal Row (from lateral to medial)

A

-Scaphoid (sometimes called navicular) (including it’s tubercle) (boat shaped) (Most commonly fractured)
-Lunate (moon shaped) (most commonly dislocated)
-Triquetrum (pyramid shaped)
-Pisiform - easily palpable (completely surrounded by tendon - therefore it’s a sesamoid bone)

54
Q

Carpal Bones Distal Row (from lateral to medial)

A

-Trapezium (including it’s tubercle)
-Trapezoid
-Capitate (has a rounded head)
-Hamate - easily identified by the anterior projection called the hook of the hamate

55
Q

Carpal Tunnel

A

-There is a natural anterior concavity formed by the carpal bones
-Flexor Retinaculum attaches laterally to tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and medially to hook of the hamate and pisiform
-Retinaculum forms a tunnel called carpal tunnel through which structures pass

56
Q

5 Metacarpals

A

-Each has a base, a shaft & a head
-Head of the 1st metacarpal has sesamoid bones

57
Q

14 Phalanges

A

-Each has a base, shaft, & head

58
Q

Radiocarpal Joint (articulation,joint type)

A

-Distal radius & the articular disk of distal radioulnar joint articulate with the proximal row of carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum)
-Condyloid (convex surface of the carpals fit into the concave surface of the distal radius and disc)
-Synovial

59
Q

Movements of the Radiocarpal Joint

A

-Flexion
-Extension
-Abduction (radial deviation)
-Adduction (ulnar deviation)
-Cirumduction
-NOTE: pronation/supination does not happen at the radiocarpal joint - try to supinate or pronate while stabilizing your distal radius/ulna

60
Q

Palmar and Dorsal Radialcarpal Ligaments (articulations)

A

-Distal Radius <-> Carpal Bones
-On the palmar and dorsal surfaces

61
Q

Ulnomeniscotriquetral Joint (articulation,joint type,action)

A

-Ulna articulates with articular disc which articulates with the triquetrum
-Functional Joint
-Synovial
-During flexion & extension at the wrist, disc stays with the radius & ulna and the movement occurs between disc an the carpals
-Primarily involved with pronation and supination during which the disc moves around the distal end of ulna

62
Q

Midcarpal Joint (articulation,joint type,ligaments)

A

-Proximal row of carpals articulates with the distal roe of carpals
-Plane
-Synovial
-Dorsal and palmar intercarpal ligaments

63
Q

Midcarpal Joint (available movements)

A

-Flexion
-Extension
-Movements of these joints increase the movements at the wrist joint

64
Q

Intercarpal Joints (articulation,joint type,ligament)

A

-Articulations between the carpal bones
-Plane
-Synovial
-Interosseous intercarpal ligaments

65
Q

Carpometacarpal Joints (articulation)

A

-Distal row of carpals articulates with the proximal row of metacarpals

66
Q

1st Carpometacarpal Joints

A

-Trapezium articulated with the base of the 1st metacarpal (which is saddle shaped)
-Saddle
-Synovial

67
Q

Movements of the thumb

A

-Flexion: movement that takes the thumb medially along the coronal plane towards the other fingers
-Extension: movement that takes the thumb laterally along the coronal plane away from the other fingers
-Abduction: movement that takes the thumb along the sagittal plane away from the palm
-Adduction: movement that that takes the thumb along the saggital plane towards the palm
NOTE: these movements are opposite to each other
-Circumduction
-Opposition: movement by which the 1st digit pad (thumb) is brought to another digit pad

68
Q

Carpometacarpal Joints (2nd-5th) (articulation,joint type,ligament)

A

-Distal row of carpals articulate wit the bases of the metacarpals (2-5)
-Plane
-Synovial
-Very little movement
-Dorsal, Palmar, & Interosseous Ligaments

69
Q

Intermetacarpal Joints (articulation, joint type, ligaments)

A

-Articulations between the bases of the medial 4 metacarpals
-Plane
-Synovial

-Interosseous Ligaments
-Between the heads of the medial 4 metacarpals is the deep transverse metacarpal ligament (this hold the heads together)

70
Q

Metacarpophsalangeal Joints

A

-heads of the metacarpals articulate with bases of proximal phalanges
-Condyloid
-Synovial

-Flexion
-Extension
-Abduction
-Adduction
-Reference point for abduction and adduction of the fingers is the 3rd finger

-medial & lateral collateral ligaments
-palmar ligaments (palmar plates)

71
Q

Interphalangeal Joints (articulation, joint type,action,ligaments)

A

-Head of the proximal phalanx articulates with the base of the next distal phalanx
-Hinge
-Synovial

-Flexion
-Extension

-Medial & Lateral collateral ligaments

72
Q

What Carpal bone is most commonly dislocated?

A

Lunate

73
Q

What Carpal bone is also known as navicular?

A

Scaphoid

74
Q

What Carpal bone is most commonly fractured?

A

Scaphoid

75
Q

What Carpal bone is completely surrounded by tendon therefore it is a sesamoid?

A

Pisiform

76
Q

Hamate is easily identified by anterior projection called __________________.

A

Hook of Hamate

77
Q

Flexor Retinaculum attaches laterally to _______________________________ and medially to _____________________________.

A

tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, hook of the hamate and pisiform

78
Q

_____________________ forms a tunnel called carpal tunnel through which structures pass

A

Retinaculum

79
Q

Biceps long head travels through the ________________ to proximal attachment - tendon has a sheath to protect it from the ________________ which holds tendon in place during contraction/movement

A

Bicipital groove, transverse humeral ligament

80
Q

____________________ (fascia that runs from biceps tendon across the cubital fossa and merges with deep fascia of the anterior forearm) (flexors on the medial side)

A

Bicipital Aponeurosis

81
Q

Between the heads of the medial 4 metacarpals is the__________________________.

A

Deep transverse metacarpal ligament (this hold the heads together)

82
Q

superior surface of the head of the radius is slightly cup shaped - called the ___________.

A

Fovea

Anatomy (22 decks)

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