Musculoskeletal Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Osteoarthritis s/s (8)
A
- Chronic joint pain and stiffness
- Pain decreases after rest and worsens after activity
- Crepitus
- Limited movement
- Heberden’s nodes
- Bouchard’s nodes
- Excess joint fluid
- Skeletal muscle atrophy from disuse
2
Q
Heberden’s nodes
A
Closest to the ends of the fingers/toes
3
Q
Bouchard’s nodes
A
Middle joints of fingers/toes
4
Q
Rheumatoid arthritis s/s (6)
A
- Morning stiffness, pain at rest or after immobility
- Bilateral joint inflammation with decreased range of motion
- Joint deformity in late stages
- Warmth, redness, edema of affected areas
- Dry eyes/mouth
- Numbness, tingling, burning in hands/feet
5
Q
Gouty arthritis s/s (4)
A
- Excruciating pain and inflammation in one or more small joints
- Appearance of tophi
- Progressive joint damage and deformity
- Increased incidence of uric acid renal stones
6
Q
Comminuted fracture
A
Fragmented
7
Q
Open fracture
A
Compound
8
Q
Fat embolism s/s (7)
A
- Confusion
- Anxiety
- Chest pain
- Tachypnea
- Hemoptysis
- Petechiae over neck, upper arms, chest, abdomen (late sign)
9
Q
Skin traction
A
Mechanical pulling force to overcome muscle spasms, immobilize, relieve pain
10
Q
Types of skin traction (4)
A
- Buck’s
- Bryant’s
- Cervical halter
- Pelvic
11
Q
Skeletal traction
A
Applied directly to a bone to reduce a fracture or maintain surgically manipulated bone alignment
12
Q
Types of skeletal traction (2)
A
- Pins/wires inserted through skin and soft tissue into the bone
- Balanced suspension using splints, slings, weights
13
Q
External fixation device
A
Rigid metal frames with attached percutaneous pins/wires used to align and immobilize
14
Q
External fixation device nursing interventions (8)
A
- Assess pulses, vascular status
- Maintain proper body alignment
- Verify weights are free hanging
- Monitor skin for pressure points, breakdown
- Promote strengthening exercises for uninjured areas
- Consult with PT
- Pin site care based off facility protocol
- Give medications
